test harness: offscreen panel snapshots via SHOTDECK_SNAPSHOT_DIR

Add ReturnsList (newest-first, max 8, click-to-Finder, hidden when empty)
and SettingsView (hotkey row, folder Choose… via FolderSettings + AppModel
seam mutators, async updateWatchFolder(url) only).

Sources/Shotdeck/AppModel.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,265 @@
+import AppKit
+import Carbon.HIToolbox
+import Foundation
+import Observation
+import SwiftUI
+import ShotdeckCore
+
+@MainActor
+public protocol SendCapable: AnyObject {
+    func send(anchor: NSView?) async
+}
+
+@MainActor
+public protocol SettingsWindowPresenting: AnyObject {
+    func presentSettingsWindow()
+}
+
+@MainActor
+public protocol ReturnsSectionProviding: AnyObject {
+    @ViewBuilder func returnsSection() -> AnyView
+}
+
+@MainActor
+@Observable
+public final class AppModel {
+    public private(set) var session: CaptureSession
+    public private(set) var region: CaptureRegion?
+    public private(set) var screenRecordingGranted: Bool
+    public private(set) var allReturns: [ReturnedDocument] = []
+    public private(set) var commentedReturns: [ReturnedDocument] = []
+    public private(set) var statusLine: String?
+    public private(set) var isCapturing: Bool = false
+    public private(set) var isSending: Bool = false
+    public private(set) var outboxDisplayName: String
+    public private(set) var watchFolderDisplayName: String
+    /// Live outbox; WP-4b reads this (not `paths.outbox`) so Settings folder changes take effect.
+    public private(set) var outboxURL: URL
+    /// Live watch folder; WP-4c updates this alongside `ReturnWatcher.updateWatchFolder`.
+    public private(set) var watchFolderURL: URL
+
+    let paths: AppSupportPaths
+    let spool: SpoolStore
+    let composer: PDFComposer
+    let capturer: ScreenCapturer
+    let hotkeys: HotkeyCenter
+    let picker: RegionPickerController
+    let ledger: ReturnLedger
+    let watcher: ReturnWatcher
+
+    public init(
+        paths: AppSupportPaths,
+        spool: SpoolStore,
+        composer: PDFComposer,
+        capturer: ScreenCapturer,
+        hotkeys: HotkeyCenter,
+        picker: RegionPickerController,
+        ledger: ReturnLedger,
+        watcher: ReturnWatcher
+    ) {
+        self.paths = paths
+        self.spool = spool
+        self.composer = composer
+        self.capturer = capturer
+        self.hotkeys = hotkeys
+        self.picker = picker
+        self.ledger = ledger
+        self.watcher = watcher
+        self.session = CaptureSession(
+            id: UUID(),
+            createdAt: Date(),
+            state: .open,
+            captures: [],
+            pdfFileName: nil
+        )
+        self.region = nil
+        self.screenRecordingGranted = ScreenCapturer.isScreenRecordingGranted
+        // Seeded from FolderSettings.resolve() via resolvedAppSupportPaths — never .standard().
+        let folders = FolderSettings.resolve()
+        self.outboxURL = folders.outbox
+        self.watchFolderURL = folders.watch
+        self.outboxDisplayName = folders.outbox.lastPathComponent
+        self.watchFolderDisplayName = folders.watch.lastPathComponent
+    }
+
+    // MARK: Seam mutators — the only way a WP-4b/4c extension changes state.
+
+    func setStatus(_ text: String?) { statusLine = text }
+    func setSending(_ value: Bool) { isSending = value }
+    func setCapturing(_ value: Bool) { isCapturing = value }
+    func replaceSession(_ new: CaptureSession) { session = new }
+    func replaceRegion(_ new: CaptureRegion?) { region = new }
+    func setReturns(all: [ReturnedDocument], commented: [ReturnedDocument]) {
+        allReturns = all
+        commentedReturns = commented
+    }
+    func setFolderDisplayNames(outbox: String, watch: String) {
+        outboxDisplayName = outbox
+        watchFolderDisplayName = watch
+    }
+    func setFolderURLs(outbox: URL, watch: URL) {
+        outboxURL = outbox
+        watchFolderURL = watch
+        setFolderDisplayNames(outbox: outbox.lastPathComponent, watch: watch.lastPathComponent)
+    }
+
+    public var iconState: MenuIconState {
+        if !screenRecordingGranted { return .recordingMissing }
+        if isCapturing { return .capturing }
+        if region == nil { return .noRegion }
+        if session.captures.isEmpty { return .regionEmpty }
+        return .hasCaptures(session.captures.count)
+    }
+
+    public func bootstrap() async {
+        if let data = UserDefaults.standard.data(forKey: CaptureRegion.defaultsKey),
+           let decoded = try? JSONDecoder().decode(CaptureRegion.self, from: data),
+           decoded.isStillValid {
+            replaceRegion(decoded)
+        }
+
+        do {
+            let recovered = try await spool.currentSession()
+            replaceSession(recovered)
+        } catch {
+            setStatus((error as? ShotdeckError)?.errorDescription ?? "Could not open the spool.")
+        }
+
+        do {
+            let initial = try await ledger.all()
+            let commented = try await ledger.commented()
+            setReturns(all: initial, commented: commented)
+        } catch {
+            // Empty ledger on first run is not an error.
+        }
+
+        do {
+            try await watcher.start { [weak self] _ in
+                Task { @MainActor in
+                    guard let self else { return }
+                    let all = (try? await self.ledger.all()) ?? []
+                    let commented = (try? await self.ledger.commented()) ?? []
+                    self.setReturns(all: all, commented: commented)
+                }
+            }
+        } catch {
+            setStatus((error as? ShotdeckError)?.errorDescription ?? "Could not watch the return folder.")
+        }
+
+        let registered = hotkeys.register(
+            id: "capture",
+            keyCode: UInt32(kVK_ANSI_2),
+            modifiers: UInt32(optionKey | shiftKey)
+        ) { [weak self] in
+            Task { await self?.captureNow() }
+        }
+        if !registered {
+            setStatus("⌥⇧2 is already used by another app — capture only works from the menu.")
+        }
+    }
+
+    public func captureNow() async {
+        guard !isCapturing else { return }
+        setCapturing(true)
+        defer { setCapturing(false) }
+
+        var target = region
+        if target == nil {
+            target = await withCheckedContinuation { (cont: CheckedContinuation<CaptureRegion?, Never>) in
+                picker.pick { picked in cont.resume(returning: picked) }
+            }
+            guard let picked = target else {
+                setStatus("No region selected.")
+                return
+            }
+            persistRegion(picked)
+        }
+        guard let region = target else { return }
+
+        do {
+            let image = try await capturer.capture(region)
+            let capture = try await spool.append(
+                pngData: image.pngData,
+                pixelWidth: image.pixelWidth,
+                pixelHeight: image.pixelHeight,
+                scale: image.scale,
+                capturedAt: Date()
+            )
+            replaceSession(try await spool.currentSession())
+            setStatus("Captured page \(capture.sequence).")
+        } catch {
+            screenRecordingGranted = ScreenCapturer.isScreenRecordingGranted
+            setStatus((error as? ShotdeckError)?.errorDescription ?? "The screenshot could not be taken.")
+        }
+    }
+
+    public func rePickRegion() async {
+        let picked = await withCheckedContinuation { (cont: CheckedContinuation<CaptureRegion?, Never>) in
+            picker.pick { cont.resume(returning: $0) }
+        }
+        guard let picked else { return }
+        persistRegion(picked)
+        setStatus("Region set: \(Int(picked.rect.width)) × \(Int(picked.rect.height)).")
+    }
+
+    public func removeCapture(id: UUID) async {
+        do {
+            // D-11: SpoolStore.remove MOVES the PNG to <session>/removed/; it is never unlinked.
+            replaceSession(try await spool.remove(captureID: id))
+        } catch {
+            setStatus((error as? ShotdeckError)?.errorDescription ?? "Could not remove that capture.")
+        }
+    }
+
+    public func copyCommentedLinks() async {
+        do {
+            let text = try await ledger.clipboardText()
+            let pasteboard = NSPasteboard.general
+            pasteboard.clearContents()
+            pasteboard.setString(text, forType: .string)
+            let count = commentedReturns.count
+            setStatus("Copied \(count) link\(count == 1 ? "" : "s").")
+        } catch {
+            setStatus((error as? ShotdeckError)?.errorDescription ?? "Nothing to copy.")
+        }
+    }
+
+    public func openSpoolFolder() {
+        NSWorkspace.shared.open(paths.spool)
+    }
+
+    public func openScreenRecordingSettings() {
+        guard let url = URL(string:
+            "x-apple.systempreferences:com.apple.preference.security?Privacy_ScreenCapture") else {
+            setStatus("Could not open System Settings.")
+            return
+        }
+        NSWorkspace.shared.open(url)
+    }
+
+    private func persistRegion(_ picked: CaptureRegion) {
+        replaceRegion(picked)
+        if let encoded = try? JSONEncoder().encode(picked) {
+            UserDefaults.standard.set(encoded, forKey: CaptureRegion.defaultsKey)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+public enum MenuIconState: Equatable {
+    case noRegion, regionEmpty, hasCaptures(Int), capturing, recordingMissing
+
+    public var symbolName: String {
+        switch self {
+        case .noRegion: return "viewfinder"
+        case .regionEmpty: return "viewfinder.rectangular"
+        case .hasCaptures: return "viewfinder.rectangular"
+        case .capturing: return "viewfinder.circle.fill"
+        case .recordingMissing: return "exclamationmark.triangle"
+        }
+    }
+
+    public var countText: String? {
+        if case .hasCaptures(let n) = self { return "\(n)" }
+        return nil
+    }
+}

Sources/Shotdeck/MenuBarView.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+import AppKit
+import SwiftUI
+import ShotdeckCore
+
+struct MenuBarView: View {
+    @Environment(AppModel.self) private var model
+
+    var body: some View {
+        VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 8) {
+            statusRow
+            SessionStrip()
+            Divider()
+            actionsList
+            if !model.allReturns.isEmpty {
+                Divider()
+                returnsBlock
+            }
+        }
+        .padding(10)
+        .frame(width: 320, alignment: .leading)
+        .controlSize(.small)
+    }
+
+    @ViewBuilder
+    private var statusRow: some View {
+        if !model.screenRecordingGranted {
+            HStack(alignment: .top, spacing: 6) {
+                Image(systemName: "exclamationmark.triangle")
+                    .foregroundStyle(.yellow)
+                VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 4) {
+                    Text(
+                        ShotdeckError.screenRecordingNotGranted.errorDescription
+                            ?? "Screen Recording is turned off."
+                    )
+                    .font(.caption)
+                    .fixedSize(horizontal: false, vertical: true)
+                    Button("Open Screen Recording settings") {
+                        model.openScreenRecordingSettings()
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            Text(model.statusLine ?? defaultStatusText)
+                .font(.caption)
+                .foregroundStyle(.primary)
+                .fixedSize(horizontal: false, vertical: true)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private var defaultStatusText: String {
+        guard let region = model.region else {
+            return "No region yet — press ⌥⇧2 to pick one."
+        }
+        let w = Int(region.rect.width)
+        let h = Int(region.rect.height)
+        let display = displayName(for: region)
+        if model.session.isEmpty {
+            return "Region \(w) × \(h) on \(display) · Nothing captured yet."
+        }
+        let count = model.session.captures.count
+        return "\(count) captures · region \(w) × \(h) on \(display)"
+    }
+
+    private func displayName(for region: CaptureRegion) -> String {
+        for (index, screen) in NSScreen.screens.enumerated() {
+            let id = (screen.deviceDescription[NSDeviceDescriptionKey("NSScreenNumber")] as? NSNumber)?
+                .uint32Value
+            if id == region.displayID {
+                return "Display \(index + 1)"
+            }
+        }
+        return "Display 1"
+    }
+
+    private var actionsList: some View {
+        VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 2) {
+            Button {
+                let anchor = NSApp.keyWindow?.contentView
+                if let sender = model as? SendCapable {
+                    Task { await sender.send(anchor: anchor) }
+                } else {
+                    model.setStatus("Send is not available in this build.")
+                }
+            } label: {
+                actionLabel("Send…")
+            }
+            .disabled(model.session.isEmpty || model.isSending)
+
+            Button {
+                Task { await model.captureNow() }
+            } label: {
+                actionLabel("Capture now", trailing: "⌥⇧2")
+            }
+            .disabled(model.isCapturing)
+
+            Button {
+                Task { await model.rePickRegion() }
+            } label: {
+                actionLabel("Re-select area")
+            }
+
+            Button {
+                Task { await model.copyCommentedLinks() }
+            } label: {
+                actionLabel(
+                    "Copy commented links",
+                    trailing: model.commentedReturns.isEmpty ? nil : "\(model.commentedReturns.count)"
+                )
+            }
+            .disabled(model.commentedReturns.isEmpty)
+
+            Button {
+                model.openSpoolFolder()
+            } label: {
+                actionLabel("Open spool folder")
+            }
+
+            Button {
+                if let presenter = model as? SettingsWindowPresenting {
+                    presenter.presentSettingsWindow()
+                } else {
+                    model.setStatus("Settings is not available in this build.")
+                }
+            } label: {
+                actionLabel("Settings…")
+            }
+
+            Button {
+                NSApp.terminate(nil)
+            } label: {
+                actionLabel("Quit Shotdeck")
+            }
+        }
+        .buttonStyle(.plain)
+    }
+
+    private func actionLabel(_ title: String, trailing: String? = nil) -> some View {
+        HStack(spacing: 8) {
+            Text(title)
+            Spacer(minLength: 8)
+            if let trailing {
+                Text(trailing)
+                    .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+                    .monospacedDigit()
+            }
+        }
+        .frame(maxWidth: .infinity, alignment: .leading)
+        .contentShape(Rectangle())
+        .padding(.vertical, 3)
+    }
+
+    @ViewBuilder
+    private var returnsBlock: some View {
+        if let provider = model as? ReturnsSectionProviding {
+            provider.returnsSection()
+        } else {
+            VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 4) {
+                Text("Came back from your device")
+                    .font(.caption)
+                    .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+                ForEach(newestReturns.prefix(8)) { doc in
+                    HStack(spacing: 8) {
+                        Text(doc.fileURL.lastPathComponent)
+                            .lineLimit(1)
+                        Spacer(minLength: 8)
+                        Text(doc.isCommented
+                             ? "\(doc.annotatedPages.count) page\(doc.annotatedPages.count == 1 ? "" : "s") marked"
+                             : "not marked")
+                            .font(.caption)
+                            .foregroundStyle(doc.isCommented ? .primary : .secondary)
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private var newestReturns: [ReturnedDocument] {
+        model.allReturns.sorted { $0.detectedAt > $1.detectedAt }
+    }
+}

Sources/Shotdeck/PanelSnapshot.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,295 @@
+import AppKit
+import CoreGraphics
+import Darwin
+import Foundation
+import ImageIO
+import PDFKit
+import SwiftUI
+import ShotdeckCore
+
+/// Headless offscreen renderer for `MenuBarView` / `SettingsView`.
+/// Driven by `SHOTDECK_SNAPSHOT_DIR`; never touches the real Application Support spool.
+enum PanelSnapshot {
+    private static let panelWidth: CGFloat = 340
+
+    /// Called from `main.swift` before `ShotdeckApp.main()`. Returns immediately when the
+    /// env var is unset; otherwise writes the six panel PNGs, prints each path, and `exit`s.
+    @MainActor
+    static func runIfRequested() {
+        guard let raw = ProcessInfo.processInfo.environment["SHOTDECK_SNAPSHOT_DIR"],
+              !raw.isEmpty
+        else { return }
+
+        let app = NSApplication.shared
+        app.setActivationPolicy(.prohibited)
+
+        Task { @MainActor in
+            do {
+                try await captureAll(to: URL(fileURLWithPath: raw, isDirectory: true))
+                exit(0)
+            } catch {
+                fputs("PanelSnapshot failed: \(error)\n", stderr)
+                exit(1)
+            }
+        }
+
+        app.run()
+        exit(0)
+    }
+
+    @MainActor
+    private static func captureAll(to directory: URL) async throws {
+        try FileManager.default.createDirectory(at: directory, withIntermediateDirectories: true)
+
+        let (model, root) = try makeIsolatedModel()
+        defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: root) }
+
+        let region = sampleRegion()
+
+        // 01 — Screen Recording missing (no public mutator; snapshot-only seam).
+        model.snapshotSetScreenRecordingGranted(false)
+        model.replaceRegion(nil)
+        try renderMenuBar(model: model, to: directory, name: "01-no-permission")
+
+        // 02 — granted, no region picked.
+        model.snapshotSetScreenRecordingGranted(true)
+        model.replaceRegion(nil)
+        try renderMenuBar(model: model, to: directory, name: "02-no-region")
+
+        // 03 — region set, empty session.
+        model.replaceRegion(region)
+        try renderMenuBar(model: model, to: directory, name: "03-empty-session")
+
+        // 04 — three real PNGs in the temp spool so SessionStrip thumbnails decode.
+        let swatches: [(CGFloat, CGFloat, CGFloat)] = [
+            (0.85, 0.22, 0.18),
+            (0.18, 0.62, 0.32),
+            (0.16, 0.38, 0.82),
+        ]
+        for (red, green, blue) in swatches {
+            let png = try makePNGData(width: 192, height: 108, red: red, green: green, blue: blue)
+            _ = try await model.spool.append(
+                pngData: png,
+                pixelWidth: 192,
+                pixelHeight: 108,
+                scale: 2.0,
+                capturedAt: Date()
+            )
+        }
+        model.replaceSession(try await model.spool.currentSession())
+        try renderMenuBar(model: model, to: directory, name: "04-captures-present")
+
+        // 05 — two inspected PDFs in the temp ledger, one marked / one not.
+        try await seedReturns(model: model)
+        try renderMenuBar(model: model, to: directory, name: "05-returns-present")
+
+        // 06 — SettingsView against the same isolated model.
+        try render(
+            SettingsView().environment(model),
+            to: directory.appendingPathComponent("panel-06-settings.png")
+        )
+    }
+
+    @MainActor
+    private static func renderMenuBar(model: AppModel, to directory: URL, name: String) throws {
+        try render(
+            MenuBarView().environment(model),
+            to: directory.appendingPathComponent("panel-\(name).png")
+        )
+    }
+
+    @MainActor
+    private static func render(_ view: some View, to url: URL) throws {
+        let wrapped = view
+            .frame(width: panelWidth, alignment: .topLeading)
+            .fixedSize(horizontal: false, vertical: true)
+            .background(Color(nsColor: .windowBackgroundColor))
+
+        let hosting = NSHostingView(rootView: wrapped)
+        hosting.wantsLayer = true
+        hosting.appearance = NSAppearance(named: .aqua)
+
+        let window = NSWindow(
+            contentRect: NSRect(x: -10_000, y: -10_000, width: panelWidth, height: 64),
+            styleMask: [.borderless],
+            backing: .buffered,
+            defer: false
+        )
+        window.isReleasedWhenClosed = false
+        window.appearance = NSAppearance(named: .aqua)
+        window.backgroundColor = .windowBackgroundColor
+        window.isOpaque = true
+        window.alphaValue = 0
+        window.contentView = hosting
+        window.orderBack(nil)
+
+        hosting.layoutSubtreeIfNeeded()
+        var size = hosting.fittingSize
+        if size.height < 1 {
+            size.height = hosting.intrinsicContentSize.height
+        }
+        if size.height < 1 { size.height = 240 }
+        size.width = panelWidth
+        size.height = ceil(size.height)
+
+        hosting.setFrameSize(size)
+        window.setContentSize(size)
+        hosting.layoutSubtreeIfNeeded()
+        RunLoop.current.run(until: Date(timeIntervalSinceNow: 0.05))
+
+        let bounds = hosting.bounds
+        guard let rep = hosting.bitmapImageRepForCachingDisplay(in: bounds) else {
+            throw SnapshotError.renderFailed(url.lastPathComponent)
+        }
+        hosting.cacheDisplay(in: bounds, to: rep)
+        guard let png = rep.representation(using: .png, properties: [:]) else {
+            throw SnapshotError.encodeFailed(url.lastPathComponent)
+        }
+        try png.write(to: url)
+        print(url.path)
+        fflush(stdout)
+
+        window.contentView = nil
+        window.close()
+    }
+
+    @MainActor
+    private static func makeIsolatedModel() throws -> (model: AppModel, root: URL) {
+        let root = FileManager.default.temporaryDirectory
+            .appendingPathComponent("shotdeck-panel-snapshot-\(UUID().uuidString)", isDirectory: true)
+        let paths = try AppSupportPaths(
+            root: root,
+            outbox: root.appendingPathComponent("outbox", isDirectory: true),
+            watchFolder: root.appendingPathComponent("watch", isDirectory: true)
+        )
+        let ledger = try ReturnLedger(paths: paths)
+        let model = AppModel(
+            paths: paths,
+            spool: try SpoolStore(paths: paths),
+            composer: PDFComposer(),
+            capturer: ScreenCapturer(),
+            hotkeys: HotkeyCenter(),
+            picker: RegionPickerController(),
+            ledger: ledger,
+            watcher: ReturnWatcher(paths: paths, ledger: ledger)
+        )
+        model.setFolderURLs(outbox: paths.outbox, watch: paths.watchFolder)
+        return (model, root)
+    }
+
+    @MainActor
+    private static func seedReturns(model: AppModel) async throws {
+        let watch = model.paths.watchFolder
+        let unmarkedURL = watch.appendingPathComponent("Shotdeck-20260901-120000.pdf")
+        let markedURL = watch.appendingPathComponent("Shotdeck-20260901-120100.pdf")
+        try writeShotdeckPDF(to: unmarkedURL, marked: false)
+        try writeShotdeckPDF(to: markedURL, marked: true)
+
+        let unmarked = try AnnotationInspector.inspect(fileURL: unmarkedURL)
+        let marked = try AnnotationInspector.inspect(fileURL: markedURL)
+        try await model.ledger.record(unmarked)
+        try await model.ledger.record(marked)
+        model.setReturns(
+            all: try await model.ledger.all(),
+            commented: try await model.ledger.commented()
+        )
+    }
+
+    private static func sampleRegion() -> CaptureRegion {
+        CaptureRegion(
+            displayID: CGMainDisplayID(),
+            rect: CGRect(x: 120, y: 80, width: 800, height: 600),
+            capturedScale: 2.0
+        )
+    }
+
+    private static func makePNGData(
+        width: Int,
+        height: Int,
+        red: CGFloat,
+        green: CGFloat,
+        blue: CGFloat
+    ) throws -> Data {
+        let colorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB()
+        guard let context = CGContext(
+            data: nil,
+            width: width,
+            height: height,
+            bitsPerComponent: 8,
+            bytesPerRow: width * 4,
+            space: colorSpace,
+            bitmapInfo: CGImageAlphaInfo.premultipliedLast.rawValue
+        ) else {
+            throw SnapshotError.pngGenerationFailed
+        }
+        context.setFillColor(red: red, green: green, blue: blue, alpha: 1)
+        context.fill(CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: width, height: height))
+        guard let image = context.makeImage() else {
+            throw SnapshotError.pngGenerationFailed
+        }
+        let buffer = NSMutableData()
+        guard let destination = CGImageDestinationCreateWithData(
+            buffer,
+            "public.png" as CFString,
+            1,
+            nil
+        ) else {
+            throw SnapshotError.pngGenerationFailed
+        }
+        CGImageDestinationAddImage(destination, image, nil)
+        guard CGImageDestinationFinalize(destination) else {
+            throw SnapshotError.pngGenerationFailed
+        }
+        return buffer as Data
+    }
+
+    private static func writeShotdeckPDF(to url: URL, marked: Bool) throws {
+        let document = PDFDocument()
+        let page = PDFPage()
+        page.setBounds(CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 612, height: 792), for: .mediaBox)
+        document.insert(page, at: 0)
+        document.documentAttributes = [
+            PDFDocumentAttribute.creatorAttribute: "Shotdeck",
+            PDFDocumentAttribute.subjectAttribute: UUID().uuidString,
+        ]
+        if marked {
+            let annotation = PDFAnnotation(
+                bounds: CGRect(x: 72, y: 400, width: 220, height: 36),
+                forType: .highlight,
+                withProperties: nil
+            )
+            page.addAnnotation(annotation)
+        }
+        guard document.write(to: url) else {
+            throw SnapshotError.pdfWriteFailed(url.lastPathComponent)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+extension AppModel {
+    /// `screenRecordingGranted` is `public private(set)` with no seam mutator.
+    /// Snapshot-only: the KeyPath setter exists at runtime; compile-time access is file-private.
+    func snapshotSetScreenRecordingGranted(_ granted: Bool) {
+        // private(set) types this as KeyPath; the setter still exists on the @Observable storage.
+        let writable: ReferenceWritableKeyPath<AppModel, Bool> = unsafeBitCast(
+            \AppModel.screenRecordingGranted, to: ReferenceWritableKeyPath<AppModel, Bool>.self
+        )
+        self[keyPath: writable] = granted
+    }
+}
+
+private enum SnapshotError: Error, CustomStringConvertible {
+    case renderFailed(String)
+    case encodeFailed(String)
+    case pngGenerationFailed
+    case pdfWriteFailed(String)
+
+    var description: String {
+        switch self {
+        case .renderFailed(let name): return "bitmapImageRepForCachingDisplay failed for \(name)"
+        case .encodeFailed(let name): return "PNG encode failed for \(name)"
+        case .pngGenerationFailed: return "CoreGraphics PNG generation failed"
+        case .pdfWriteFailed(let name): return "could not write \(name)"
+        }
+    }
+}

Sources/Shotdeck/ReturnsList.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+import AppKit
+import SwiftUI
+import ShotdeckCore
+
+func newestReturnsForDisplay(_ returns: [ReturnedDocument], limit: Int = 8) -> [ReturnedDocument] {
+    Array(returns.sorted { $0.detectedAt > $1.detectedAt }.prefix(limit))
+}
+
+func returnMarkLabel(_ document: ReturnedDocument) -> String {
+    guard document.isCommented else { return "not marked" }
+    let count = document.annotatedPages.count
+    return "\(count) page\(count == 1 ? "" : "s") marked"
+}
+
+struct ReturnsList: View {
+    let returns: [ReturnedDocument]
+
+    var body: some View {
+        let visible = newestReturnsForDisplay(returns)
+        if visible.isEmpty {
+            EmptyView()
+        } else {
+            VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 4) {
+                Text("Came back from your device")
+                    .font(.caption)
+                    .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+                ForEach(visible) { document in
+                    Button {
+                        NSWorkspace.shared.activateFileViewerSelecting([document.fileURL])
+                    } label: {
+                        HStack(spacing: 8) {
+                            Text(document.fileURL.lastPathComponent)
+                                .lineLimit(1)
+                            Spacer(minLength: 8)
+                            Text(returnMarkLabel(document))
+                                .font(.caption)
+                                .foregroundStyle(document.isCommented ? .primary : .secondary)
+                        }
+                    }
+                    .buttonStyle(.plain)
+                    .help(DubaiTime.stamp(document.detectedAt))
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+extension AppModel: ReturnsSectionProviding {
+    public func returnsSection() -> AnyView {
+        guard !allReturns.isEmpty else { return AnyView(EmptyView()) }
+        return AnyView(ReturnsList(returns: allReturns))
+    }
+}

Sources/Shotdeck/SendController.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+import AppKit
+import Darwin
+import Foundation
+import ShotdeckCore
+
+extension AppModel: SendCapable {
+    public func send(anchor: NSView?) async {
+        guard !session.isEmpty, !isSending else { return }
+        setSending(true)
+        defer { setSending(false) }
+
+        let workingSession = session
+        let composer = self.composer
+        // Live outbox (FolderSettings), not `paths.outbox` — Settings changes take effect.
+        let outboxDir = outboxURL
+        let sourceDir = paths.sessionDirectory(workingSession.id)
+        let fileName = PDFComposer.fileName(for: workingSession)
+        let finalURL = outboxDir.appendingPathComponent(fileName)
+        // Same directory as the final target so the rename below is same-volume (atomic).
+        let tempURL = outboxDir.appendingPathComponent(".shotdeck-\(UUID().uuidString).pdf")
+        let title = "Shotdeck – \(DubaiTime.stamp(workingSession.createdAt))"
+
+        do {
+            // D-13: build off the main actor. Only Sendable values cross into the
+            // detached task — never `anchor` (NSView is not Sendable).
+            try await Task.detached(priority: .userInitiated) {
+                _ = try composer.compose(
+                    session: workingSession,
+                    imageURL: { capture in sourceDir.appendingPathComponent(capture.fileName) },
+                    title: title,
+                    to: tempURL
+                )
+                // POSIX rename onto `finalURL` replaces any same-name file in one
+                // directory operation; there is never a window where the PDF is gone.
+                if Darwin.rename(tempURL.path, finalURL.path) != 0 {
+                    throw ShotdeckError.pdfCompositionFailed(
+                        reason: "could not publish the PDF: \(String(cString: strerror(errno)))"
+                    )
+                }
+                try AtomicFile.fsyncDirectory(at: outboxDir)
+            }.value
+
+            // File exists on disk now — archive only after that (D-13). A later AirDrop
+            // failure never deletes this file.
+            guard FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: finalURL.path) else {
+                throw ShotdeckError.pdfCompositionFailed(reason: "the PDF was not written to disk")
+            }
+            _ = try await spool.archiveCurrent(pdfFileName: fileName)
+            replaceSession(try await spool.currentSession())
+
+            let pageWord = workingSession.captures.count == 1 ? "page" : "pages"
+            setStatus("Sent — \(workingSession.captures.count) \(pageWord).")
+
+            guard let anchor else {
+                setStatus("PDF saved to \(outboxDisplayName). Open the panel to AirDrop it.")
+                return
+            }
+            do {
+                try Sharing.airDrop(fileURL: finalURL, from: anchor)
+            } catch {
+                setStatus(
+                    "AirDrop is not available right now — the PDF is on your \(outboxDisplayName)."
+                )
+            }
+        } catch {
+            // Never unlink the published PDF, and never unlink `tempURL` either:
+            // a rename failure would leave the complete document at the temp name.
+            setStatus((error as? ShotdeckError)?.errorDescription ?? "The PDF could not be built.")
+        }
+    }
+}

Sources/Shotdeck/SessionStrip.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+import AppKit
+import SwiftUI
+import ShotdeckCore
+
+struct SessionStrip: View {
+    @Environment(AppModel.self) private var model
+
+    var body: some View {
+        if model.session.captures.isEmpty {
+            Text("Nothing captured yet.")
+                .font(.caption)
+                .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+                .frame(maxWidth: .infinity, minHeight: 64, alignment: .leading)
+        } else {
+            ScrollView(.horizontal, showsIndicators: false) {
+                HStack(alignment: .top, spacing: 6) {
+                    ForEach(model.session.captures) { capture in
+                        SessionThumb(capture: capture)
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            .frame(height: 64)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+private struct SessionThumb: View {
+    @Environment(AppModel.self) private var model
+    let capture: Capture
+    @State private var hovering = false
+
+    var body: some View {
+        ZStack(alignment: .topLeading) {
+            thumbnail
+            Text("\(capture.sequence)")
+                .font(.system(size: 9, weight: .bold))
+                .foregroundStyle(.white)
+                .padding(.horizontal, 4)
+                .padding(.vertical, 1)
+                .background(.black.opacity(0.65))
+                .clipShape(RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 2, style: .continuous))
+                .padding(3)
+            if hovering {
+                VStack {
+                    Spacer()
+                    Button("Remove") {
+                        Task { await model.removeCapture(id: capture.id) }
+                    }
+                    .font(.system(size: 10, weight: .semibold))
+                    .buttonStyle(.plain)
+                    .foregroundStyle(.white)
+                    .frame(maxWidth: .infinity)
+                    .padding(.vertical, 3)
+                    .background(.black.opacity(0.7))
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        .frame(height: 64)
+        .clipped()
+        .onHover { hovering = $0 }
+        .help(DubaiTime.stamp(capture.capturedAt))
+    }
+
+    @ViewBuilder
+    private var thumbnail: some View {
+        let url = model.paths.sessionDirectory(model.session.id).appendingPathComponent(capture.fileName)
+        if let image = NSImage(contentsOf: url) {
+            Image(nsImage: image)
+                .resizable()
+                .aspectRatio(contentMode: .fit)
+                .frame(height: 64)
+        } else {
+            Rectangle()
+                .fill(Color.secondary.opacity(0.2))
+                .frame(width: 64, height: 64)
+        }
+    }
+}

Sources/Shotdeck/SettingsView.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+import AppKit
+import SwiftUI
+import ShotdeckCore
+
+struct SettingsView: View {
+    @Environment(AppModel.self) private var model
+
+    var body: some View {
+        Form {
+            Section("Hotkey") {
+                LabeledContent("Capture", value: "⌥⇧2 — fixed in this version")
+            }
+            Section("Folders") {
+                LabeledContent("Watch folder") {
+                    HStack(spacing: 8) {
+                        Text(model.watchFolderURL.path)
+                            .lineLimit(1)
+                            .truncationMode(.middle)
+                            .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+                        Button("Choose…") { model.chooseWatchFolder() }
+                    }
+                }
+                LabeledContent("Output folder") {
+                    HStack(spacing: 8) {
+                        Text(model.outboxURL.path)
+                            .lineLimit(1)
+                            .truncationMode(.middle)
+                            .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+                        Button("Choose…") { model.chooseOutboxFolder() }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            Section {
+                Button("Reveal spool folder") { model.openSpoolFolder() }
+            }
+        }
+        .padding()
+        .frame(width: 360)
+        .controlSize(.small)
+    }
+}
+
+extension AppModel: SettingsWindowPresenting {
+    private static var settingsWindowController: NSWindowController?
+
+    public func presentSettingsWindow() {
+        if let existing = Self.settingsWindowController {
+            existing.window?.makeKeyAndOrderFront(nil)
+            NSApp.activate()
+            return
+        }
+        let hosting = NSHostingController(rootView: SettingsView().environment(self))
+        let window = NSWindow(contentViewController: hosting)
+        window.title = "Shotdeck Settings"
+        window.styleMask = [.titled, .closable]
+        window.isReleasedWhenClosed = false
+        window.center()
+        let controller = NSWindowController(window: window)
+        Self.settingsWindowController = controller
+        controller.showWindow(nil)
+        NSApp.activate()
+    }
+
+    func chooseOutboxFolder() {
+        guard let url = chooseDirectory(startingAt: outboxURL) else { return }
+        FolderSettings.setOutbox(url)
+        setFolderURLs(outbox: url, watch: watchFolderURL)
+        setStatus("Output folder set to \(url.lastPathComponent).")
+    }
+
+    func chooseWatchFolder() {
+        guard let url = chooseDirectory(startingAt: watchFolderURL) else { return }
+        FolderSettings.setWatchFolder(url)
+        setFolderURLs(outbox: outboxURL, watch: url)
+        Task {
+            do {
+                try await watcher.updateWatchFolder(url)
+                setStatus("Watch folder set to \(url.lastPathComponent).")
+            } catch {
+                setStatus(
+                    (error as? ShotdeckError)?.errorDescription ?? "Could not switch the watch folder."
+                )
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func chooseDirectory(startingAt directory: URL) -> URL? {
+        let panel = NSOpenPanel()
+        panel.canChooseDirectories = true
+        panel.canChooseFiles = false
+        panel.allowsMultipleSelection = false
+        panel.canCreateDirectories = true
+        panel.prompt = "Choose"
+        panel.directoryURL = directory
+        guard panel.runModal() == .OK else { return nil }
+        return panel.url
+    }
+}

Sources/Shotdeck/Sharing.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+import AppKit
+import ShotdeckCore
+
+@MainActor
+enum Sharing {
+    /// Presents the AirDrop picker for `fileURL`, anchored to `view`.
+    /// Throws `ShotdeckError.airDropUnavailable` when the service cannot be created,
+    /// `canPerform` is false, or `view` is not in a visible window (a detached view
+    /// never produces an on-screen sheet).
+    static func airDrop(fileURL: URL, from view: NSView) throws {
+        guard let service = NSSharingService(named: .sendViaAirDrop),
+              service.canPerform(withItems: [fileURL]) else {
+            throw ShotdeckError.airDropUnavailable
+        }
+        // Presenting from a detached NSView (no window) yields a sheet that never appears.
+        guard let window = view.window, window.isVisible else {
+            throw ShotdeckError.airDropUnavailable
+        }
+
+        NSApp.activate()
+        window.makeKeyAndOrderFront(nil)
+
+        service.subject = fileURL.lastPathComponent
+        let session = AirDropSession(service: service, window: window, view: view)
+        AirDropSession.keepAlive(session)
+        service.delegate = session
+        service.perform(withItems: [fileURL])
+    }
+}
+
+/// Retains the sharing service for the life of the picker and supplies the real
+/// on-screen window as the sheet parent. `NSSharingService.delegate` is weak.
+@MainActor
+private final class AirDropSession: NSObject, NSSharingServiceDelegate {
+    static var live: [AirDropSession] = []
+
+    let service: NSSharingService
+    let window: NSWindow
+    let view: NSView
+
+    init(service: NSSharingService, window: NSWindow, view: NSView) {
+        self.service = service
+        self.window = window
+        self.view = view
+    }
+
+    static func keepAlive(_ session: AirDropSession) {
+        live.append(session)
+    }
+
+    private func drop() {
+        Self.live.removeAll { $0 === self }
+    }
+
+    func sharingService(
+        _ sharingService: NSSharingService,
+        sourceWindowForShareItems items: [Any],
+        sharingContentScope: UnsafeMutablePointer<NSSharingService.SharingContentScope>
+    ) -> NSWindow? {
+        sharingContentScope.pointee = .item
+        return window
+    }
+
+    func sharingService(
+        _ sharingService: NSSharingService,
+        sourceFrameOnScreenForShareItem item: Any
+    ) -> NSRect {
+        let inWindow = view.convert(view.bounds, to: nil)
+        return window.convertToScreen(inWindow)
+    }
+
+    func sharingService(_ sharingService: NSSharingService, didShareItems items: [Any]) {
+        drop()
+    }
+
+    func sharingService(
+        _ sharingService: NSSharingService,
+        didFailToShareItems items: [Any],
+        error: any Error
+    ) {
+        drop()
+    }
+}

Sources/Shotdeck/main.swift

@@ -1,6 +1,78 @@
 import AppKit
+import SwiftUI
+import ShotdeckCore
 
-// WP-4 replaces this body with the real menu-bar UI.
+// SwiftPM treats a file named main.swift as top-level code, which forbids `@main`.
-let application = NSApplication.shared
+// App.main() is the equivalent entry point.
-application.setActivationPolicy(.accessory)
+if ProcessInfo.processInfo.environment["SHOTDECK_SNAPSHOT_DIR"] != nil {
-application.run()
+    MainActor.assumeIsolated { PanelSnapshot.runIfRequested() }
+}
+ShotdeckApp.main()
+
+struct ShotdeckApp: App {
+    @NSApplicationDelegateAdaptor(AppDelegate.self) private var appDelegate
+
+    var body: some Scene {
+        MenuBarExtra {
+            MenuBarView()
+                .environment(appDelegate.model)
+        } label: {
+            let state = appDelegate.model.iconState
+            HStack(spacing: 4) {
+                Image(systemName: state.symbolName)
+                if let count = state.countText {
+                    Text(count).font(.system(size: 11, weight: .semibold))
+                }
+            }
+            .accessibilityLabel("Shotdeck")
+        }
+        .menuBarExtraStyle(.window)
+    }
+}
+
+@MainActor
+final class AppDelegate: NSObject, NSApplicationDelegate {
+    let model: AppModel
+
+    override init() {
+        NSApplication.shared.setActivationPolicy(.accessory)
+        model = AppDelegate.makeLaunchModel()
+        super.init()
+    }
+
+    func applicationDidFinishLaunching(_ notification: Notification) {
+        Task { await model.bootstrap() }
+    }
+
+    private static func makeLaunchModel() -> AppModel {
+        do {
+            let paths = try FolderSettings.resolvedAppSupportPaths()
+            return try makeModel(paths: paths)
+        } catch {
+            Log.ui.critical(
+                "AppModel init failed: \(String(describing: error), privacy: .public)"
+            )
+            let tmp = FileManager.default.temporaryDirectory
+            let fallbackRoot = tmp.appendingPathComponent("Shotdeck-fallback", isDirectory: true)
+            // Safe: temp-dir creation for a path this process controls cannot legitimately fail.
+            let fallback = try! AppSupportPaths(root: fallbackRoot, outbox: tmp, watchFolder: tmp)
+            let model = try! makeModel(paths: fallback)
+            model.setStatus("Shotdeck could not access its storage folder. Captures will not persist.")
+            return model
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static func makeModel(paths: AppSupportPaths) throws -> AppModel {
+        let ledger = try ReturnLedger(paths: paths)
+        return AppModel(
+            paths: paths,
+            spool: try SpoolStore(paths: paths),
+            composer: PDFComposer(),
+            capturer: ScreenCapturer(),
+            hotkeys: HotkeyCenter(),
+            picker: RegionPickerController(),
+            ledger: ledger,
+            watcher: ReturnWatcher(paths: paths, ledger: ledger)
+        )
+    }
+}

Sources/ShotdeckCore/Returns/AnnotationInspector.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+import Foundation
+import PDFKit
+
+public struct ReturnedDocument: Codable, Sendable, Identifiable, Equatable {
+    public var id: URL { fileURL }
+    public let fileURL: URL
+    /// Session UUID recovered from the PDF's subject attribute, when present and valid.
+    public let sessionID: UUID?
+    public let pageCount: Int
+    /// 1-based page numbers that carry at least one human mark, ascending, no duplicates.
+    public let annotatedPages: [Int]
+    public let detectedAt: Date
+    public var isCommented: Bool { !annotatedPages.isEmpty }
+
+    public init(
+        fileURL: URL,
+        sessionID: UUID?,
+        pageCount: Int,
+        annotatedPages: [Int],
+        detectedAt: Date
+    ) {
+        self.fileURL = fileURL
+        self.sessionID = sessionID
+        self.pageCount = pageCount
+        self.annotatedPages = annotatedPages
+        self.detectedAt = detectedAt
+    }
+}
+
+public enum AnnotationInspector {
+    private static let humanMarkTypes: Set<String> = [
+        PDFAnnotationSubtype.ink.rawValue,
+        PDFAnnotationSubtype.highlight.rawValue,
+        PDFAnnotationSubtype.underline.rawValue,
+        PDFAnnotationSubtype.strikeOut.rawValue,
+        // PDFKit has no PDFAnnotationSubtype.squiggly member (unsupported renderer),
+        // but Apple Markup still writes Adobe /Squiggly objects that we must count.
+        PDFAnnotationSubtype(rawValue: "/Squiggly").rawValue,
+        PDFAnnotationSubtype.freeText.rawValue,
+        PDFAnnotationSubtype.square.rawValue,
+        PDFAnnotationSubtype.circle.rawValue,
+        PDFAnnotationSubtype.line.rawValue,
+        PDFAnnotationSubtype.stamp.rawValue,
+        PDFAnnotationSubtype.text.rawValue,
+    ]
+
+    // .link ignored: a PDF hyperlink is structural, not a human mark.
+    // .popup ignored: it is always the companion of another annotation; counting it
+    //   would double-count a single human mark as two.
+    // .widget ignored: a form field. Shotdeck's own PASS/FAIL boxes are page content
+    //   (drawn by WP-2), never PDFAnnotation objects — a widget seen here can only be
+    //   introduced by a third-party tool flattening/reopening the file, and is not a
+    //   human mark either way.
+
+    /// PDFKit's `PDFAnnotation.type` may omit the leading slash that
+    /// `PDFAnnotationSubtype.rawValue` includes; compare against the slash form.
+    private static func pdfTypeName(_ type: String) -> String {
+        type.hasPrefix("/") ? type : "/" + type
+    }
+
+    private static func isHumanMark(_ annotation: PDFAnnotation) -> Bool {
+        guard let raw = annotation.type else { return false }
+        let type = pdfTypeName(raw)
+        guard humanMarkTypes.contains(type) else { return false }
+        if type == PDFAnnotationSubtype.ink.rawValue {
+            let b = annotation.bounds
+            return b.width > 0 && b.height > 0   // zero-area ink = an undone stroke, not a mark
+        }
+        return true
+    }
+
+    /// Opens the PDF at fileURL and reports which pages carry a genuine human mark.
+    /// Throws ShotdeckError.manifestCorrupt(path: fileURL.path) if PDFDocument cannot open it.
+    /// File modification date is never consulted; only persisted PDFAnnotation objects count.
+    public static func inspect(fileURL: URL) throws -> ReturnedDocument {
+        guard let document = PDFDocument(url: fileURL) else {
+            throw ShotdeckError.manifestCorrupt(path: fileURL.path)
+        }
+        var annotatedPages: [Int] = []
+        for index in 0..<document.pageCount {
+            guard let page = document.page(at: index) else { continue }
+            if page.annotations.contains(where: isHumanMark) {
+                annotatedPages.append(index + 1)   // 1-based
+            }
+        }
+        var sessionID: UUID?
+        if let subject = document.documentAttributes?[PDFDocumentAttribute.subjectAttribute] as? String {
+            sessionID = UUID(uuidString: subject)   // nil (not thrown) if it doesn't parse
+        }
+        return ReturnedDocument(
+            fileURL: fileURL, sessionID: sessionID, pageCount: document.pageCount,
+            annotatedPages: annotatedPages, detectedAt: Date()
+        )
+    }
+
+    /// True when this PDF was produced by Shotdeck. Creator attribute is authoritative;
+    /// the filename fallback applies ONLY when the creator attribute is absent.
+    public static func isShotdeckDocument(_ document: PDFDocument) -> Bool {
+        if let creator = document.documentAttributes?[PDFDocumentAttribute.creatorAttribute] as? String {
+            return creator == "Shotdeck"          // present creator is authoritative, full stop
+        }
+        // Creator ABSENT (some apps rewrite metadata on save) -> filename fallback only here.
+        guard let name = document.documentURL?.lastPathComponent else { return false }
+        // .lastPathComponent on a file URL is already percent-decoded; do not use .absoluteString.
+        return name.wholeMatch(of: /^Shotdeck-\d{8}-\d{6}( \d+)?\.pdf$/) != nil
+        // Case-sensitive by construction (Swift Regex literals are case-sensitive by default).
+        // The optional "( \d+)?" is macOS's duplicate-name suffix AirDrop adds when a file of
+        // the same name already exists in the watch folder — the normal case for a return.
+    }
+}

Sources/ShotdeckCore/Returns/ReturnLedger.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+import Foundation
+
+public actor ReturnLedger {
+    private let fileURL: URL
+    private var entries: [URL: ReturnedDocument]
+
+    /// Loads `returns.json` under paths.root if it exists; starts empty otherwise.
+    /// A file that cannot be decoded is renamed (never deleted) and the ledger starts empty.
+    public init(paths: AppSupportPaths) throws {
+        self.fileURL = paths.root.appendingPathComponent("returns.json")
+        if FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: fileURL.path) {
+            let data = try Data(contentsOf: fileURL)
+            do {
+                let decoded = try JSONDecoder().decode([ReturnedDocument].self, from: data)
+                entries = Dictionary(decoded.map { ($0.fileURL, $0) }, uniquingKeysWith: { _, new in new })
+            } catch {
+                let stamp = DubaiTime.fileStamp(Date())
+                let corruptURL = fileURL.deletingLastPathComponent()
+                    .appendingPathComponent("returns.json.corrupt-\(stamp)")
+                try FileManager.default.moveItem(at: fileURL, to: corruptURL)
+                Log.returns.error(
+                    "returns.json could not be decoded; moved to \(corruptURL.path, privacy: .public): \(error.localizedDescription, privacy: .public)"
+                )
+                entries = [:]
+            }
+        } else {
+            entries = [:]
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Upserts by fileURL — recording the same URL again replaces the prior entry
+    /// (the most recently recorded call wins, regardless of its detectedAt value).
+    public func record(_ document: ReturnedDocument) throws {
+        entries[document.fileURL] = document
+        try persist()
+    }
+
+    /// Every recorded return, newest detectedAt first.
+    public func all() throws -> [ReturnedDocument] {
+        entries.values.sorted { $0.detectedAt > $1.detectedAt }
+    }
+
+    /// Commented returns (isCommented == true), newest detectedAt first.
+    public func commented() throws -> [ReturnedDocument] {
+        try all().filter(\.isCommented)
+    }
+
+    /// Absolute POSIX paths of commented returns, newest first, one per line, no
+    /// trailing newline. Throws ShotdeckError.noCommentedReturns when commented() is empty.
+    public func clipboardText() throws -> String {
+        let paths = try commented().map { $0.fileURL.path }
+        guard !paths.isEmpty else { throw ShotdeckError.noCommentedReturns }
+        return paths.joined(separator: "\n")
+    }
+
+    private func persist() throws {
+        let data = try JSONEncoder().encode(Array(entries.values))
+        try AtomicFile.write(data, to: fileURL)
+    }
+}

Sources/ShotdeckCore/Returns/ReturnWatcher.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+import Foundation
+import PDFKit
+import CoreServices   // FSEventStream* APIs; system framework, no Package.swift change needed
+
+public actor ReturnWatcher {
+    private let ledger: ReturnLedger
+    private var watchFolder: URL
+    private var onChange: (@Sendable ([ReturnedDocument]) -> Void)?
+    private var stream: FSEventStreamRef?
+    private var bridge: FSEventBridge?
+    private var pendingScanTask: Task<Void, Never>?
+    private let eventQueue = DispatchQueue(label: "ai.flowmaster.shotdeck.returns.fsevents")
+
+    /// Watch folder is `paths.watchFolder`, which production constructs from
+    /// `FolderSettings.resolve().watch`. This type never calls FolderSettings;
+    /// `updateWatchFolder` is invoked by the UI layer only.
+    public init(paths: AppSupportPaths, ledger: ReturnLedger) {
+        self.ledger = ledger
+        self.watchFolder = paths.watchFolder   // never a literal "~/Downloads" here
+    }
+
+    /// Starts watching paths.watchFolder for returned PDFs. Performs one immediate
+    /// scanNow() before returning, then calls onChange after every subsequent debounced
+    /// batch (even if that batch's result is empty — the caller decides what to do).
+    public func start(onChange: @escaping @Sendable ([ReturnedDocument]) -> Void) async throws {
+        self.onChange = onChange
+        try startStream(on: watchFolder)
+        let found = try await scanNow()
+        onChange(found)
+    }
+
+    /// Idempotent. Stops and releases the FSEventStream if one is running; safe to call
+    /// when never started or already stopped. Cancels any pending debounced scan.
+    public func stop() {
+        // Idempotent: nil stream / already-stopped is a no-op; never started is the same.
+        pendingScanTask?.cancel()
+        pendingScanTask = nil
+        if let stream {
+            FSEventStreamStop(stream)
+            FSEventStreamInvalidate(stream)
+            FSEventStreamRelease(stream)
+        }
+        stream = nil
+        bridge = nil
+    }
+
+    /// Called by whoever owns the Settings "Choose..." folder action (WP-4c) after the user
+    /// picks a new watch folder. If the watcher was running, stops the old FSEventStream,
+    /// switches to the new folder, restarts, and performs one immediate scanNow (reporting
+    /// through the same onChange callback given to start()). If the watcher was never
+    /// started, only updates the stored folder for the next start() call.
+    public func updateWatchFolder(_ url: URL) async throws {
+        let wasRunning = stream != nil
+        stop()
+        watchFolder = url
+        guard wasRunning else { return }
+        try startStream(on: url)
+        let found = try await scanNow()
+        onChange?(found)
+    }
+
+    /// Scans the watch folder once, immediately, without waiting for an event. Every
+    /// recognized, stable, openable Shotdeck PDF present is (re-)inspected and (re-)recorded
+    /// into the ledger; returns exactly the documents processed in this call.
+    @discardableResult
+    public func scanNow() async throws -> [ReturnedDocument] {
+        let fm = FileManager.default
+        let candidates = (try? fm.contentsOfDirectory(
+            at: watchFolder, includingPropertiesForKeys: nil
+        )) ?? []
+        var results: [ReturnedDocument] = []
+        for url in candidates.sorted(by: { $0.lastPathComponent < $1.lastPathComponent }) {
+            let name = url.lastPathComponent
+            // ".pdf.inprogress" already fails hasSuffix(".pdf") -> naturally skipped.
+            guard name.hasSuffix(".pdf"), !name.hasPrefix(".") else { continue }
+            guard await isStableAndReadable(url) else { continue }   // leave for next event
+            guard let document = PDFDocument(url: url),
+                  AnnotationInspector.isShotdeckDocument(document) else { continue }
+            guard let inspected = try? AnnotationInspector.inspect(fileURL: url) else { continue }
+            try await ledger.record(inspected)
+            results.append(inspected)
+        }
+        return results
+    }
+
+    /// Size-stable: two equal byte counts 250 ms apart AND PDFDocument opens;
+    /// otherwise leave the file for the next event.
+    private func isStableAndReadable(_ url: URL) async -> Bool {
+        let fm = FileManager.default
+        guard let size1 = try? fm.attributesOfItem(atPath: url.path)[.size] as? Int else { return false }
+        try? await Task.sleep(for: .milliseconds(250))
+        guard let size2 = try? fm.attributesOfItem(atPath: url.path)[.size] as? Int else { return false }
+        guard size1 == size2, size1 > 0 else { return false }
+        return PDFDocument(url: url) != nil
+    }
+
+    private func startStream(on folder: URL) throws {
+        let bridge = FSEventBridge { [weak self] in
+            guard let self else { return }
+            Task { await self.scheduleDebouncedScan() }
+        }
+        self.bridge = bridge
+        var context = FSEventStreamContext()
+        context.version = 0
+        context.info = Unmanaged.passUnretained(bridge).toOpaque()
+        context.retain = nil
+        context.release = nil
+        context.copyDescription = nil
+        guard let stream = FSEventStreamCreate(
+            kCFAllocatorDefault, shotdeckFSEventsCallback, &context,
+            [folder.path] as CFArray, FSEventStreamEventId(kFSEventStreamEventIdSinceNow),
+            0.0,
+            FSEventStreamCreateFlags(kFSEventStreamCreateFlagFileEvents | kFSEventStreamCreateFlagNoDefer)
+        ) else {
+            throw ShotdeckError.captureFailed(underlying: "could not create FSEventStream for \(folder.path)")
+        }
+        // Dispatch queue, not a run loop: this actor has no run loop of its own, and
+        // FSEventStreamSetDispatchQueue is the modern replacement for
+        // FSEventStreamScheduleWithRunLoop. One dedicated serial queue per watcher.
+        FSEventStreamSetDispatchQueue(stream, eventQueue)
+        guard FSEventStreamStart(stream) else {
+            FSEventStreamInvalidate(stream)
+            FSEventStreamRelease(stream)
+            throw ShotdeckError.captureFailed(underlying: "FSEventStreamStart failed for \(folder.path)")
+        }
+        self.stream = stream
+    }
+
+    private func scheduleDebouncedScan() async {
+        pendingScanTask?.cancel()
+        pendingScanTask = Task {
+            try? await Task.sleep(for: .milliseconds(400))   // coalesce AirDrop's write+rename burst
+            guard !Task.isCancelled else { return }
+            guard let found = try? await self.scanNow() else { return }
+            // One in-flight debounced callback may land after stop(); it is a
+            // harmless read-only rescan (ledger upsert, no watch-folder mutation).
+            self.onChange?(found)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Non-actor bridge because FSEventStreamCallback is a @convention(c) function pointer and
+/// cannot capture actor-isolated state directly; it hops back onto the actor via Task.
+private final class FSEventBridge: @unchecked Sendable {
+    // @unchecked is safe: `notify` is a let, set once at init, never mutated after — the
+    // type is immutable for its entire lifetime.
+    let notify: @Sendable () -> Void
+    init(notify: @escaping @Sendable () -> Void) { self.notify = notify }
+}
+
+private let shotdeckFSEventsCallback: FSEventStreamCallback = { _, info, _, _, _, _ in
+    guard let info else { return }
+    Unmanaged<FSEventBridge>.fromOpaque(info).takeUnretainedValue().notify()
+}

Sources/ShotdeckCore/Spool/SpoolStore.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,418 @@
+import Foundation
+import ImageIO
+import CoreGraphics
+import Darwin
+
+public actor SpoolStore {
+    private let paths: AppSupportPaths
+    private var openSession: CaptureSession
+
+    public init(paths: AppSupportPaths) throws {
+        self.paths = paths
+        let fm = FileManager.default
+        try Self.supersedeSpoolArchiveOverlaps(paths: paths, fileManager: fm)
+        try Self.finishInterruptedArchives(paths: paths, fileManager: fm)
+        let remainingIDs = try Self.listUUIDDirectories(in: paths.spool, fileManager: fm)
+        if remainingIDs.isEmpty {
+            self.openSession = try Self.createFreshSession(paths: paths)
+        } else {
+            var candidates: [CaptureSession] = []
+            for id in remainingIDs {
+                let dir = paths.sessionDirectory(id)
+                candidates.append(
+                    try Self.reconcileSessionDirectory(
+                        at: dir, id: id, assumedStateIfRebuilt: .open, fileManager: fm))
+            }
+            self.openSession = Self.pickNewest(first: candidates[0], rest: Array(candidates.dropFirst()))
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// The session currently accepting captures. Cheap accessor — all reconciliation already
+    /// happened once, inside init.
+    public func currentSession() throws -> CaptureSession {
+        openSession
+    }
+
+    /// Writes `pngData` to disk and fsyncs it BEFORE the manifest is touched, then updates and
+    /// durably writes the manifest. Order is non-negotiable: image durable -> manifest durable
+    /// -> return. Uses AtomicFile.write/writeJSON for both writes — never Data.write(to:).
+    public func append(
+        pngData: Data, pixelWidth: Int, pixelHeight: Int,
+        scale: CGFloat, capturedAt: Date
+    ) throws -> Capture {
+        let captureID = UUID()
+        let sequence = openSession.nextSequence
+        let fileName = "\(String(format: "%03d", sequence))-\(Self.hexSuffix(captureID)).png"
+        let sessionDir = paths.sessionDirectory(openSession.id)
+        let fileURL = sessionDir.appendingPathComponent(fileName)
+        try AtomicFile.write(pngData, to: fileURL)
+        let capture = Capture(
+            id: captureID, sequence: sequence, fileName: fileName,
+            pixelWidth: pixelWidth, pixelHeight: pixelHeight,
+            scale: scale, capturedAt: capturedAt)
+        let updated = openSession.appending(capture)
+        try AtomicFile.writeJSON(updated, to: sessionDir.appendingPathComponent("session.json"))
+        openSession = updated
+        return capture
+    }
+
+    /// D-11: moves the capture's PNG into `<sessionDir>/removed/` (created lazily) and drops
+    /// its manifest entry. NEVER unlinks/deletes a user PNG. Throws (no filesystem change) if
+    /// `captureID` is not present in the open session.
+    public func remove(captureID: UUID) throws -> CaptureSession {
+        guard let capture = openSession.captures.first(where: { $0.id == captureID }) else {
+            throw ShotdeckError.spoolWriteFailed(
+                path: paths.sessionDirectory(openSession.id).path,
+                underlying: "capture \(captureID) is not in the open session")
+        }
+        let sessionDir = paths.sessionDirectory(openSession.id)
+        let removedDir = sessionDir.appendingPathComponent("removed", isDirectory: true)
+        do {
+            try FileManager.default.createDirectory(at: removedDir, withIntermediateDirectories: true)
+        } catch {
+            throw ShotdeckError.spoolWriteFailed(path: removedDir.path, underlying: error.localizedDescription)
+        }
+        let sourceURL = sessionDir.appendingPathComponent(capture.fileName)
+        let destURL = removedDir.appendingPathComponent(capture.fileName)
+        guard rename(sourceURL.path, destURL.path) == 0 else {
+            throw ShotdeckError.spoolWriteFailed(
+                path: destURL.path,
+                underlying: "could not move the capture into removed/: \(String(cString: strerror(errno)))")
+        }
+        try AtomicFile.fsyncDirectory(at: removedDir)
+        let updated = openSession.removing(captureID: captureID)
+        try AtomicFile.writeJSON(updated, to: sessionDir.appendingPathComponent("session.json"))
+        openSession = updated
+        return updated
+    }
+
+    /// Closes the open session (must be non-empty), moves its directory under archive/, records
+    /// pdfFileName, and starts a fresh empty open session. Returns the archived one.
+    public func archiveCurrent(pdfFileName: String) throws -> CaptureSession {
+        guard !openSession.isEmpty else {
+            throw ShotdeckError.spoolWriteFailed(
+                path: paths.sessionDirectory(openSession.id).path,
+                underlying: "cannot archive an empty session")
+        }
+        let archived = openSession.markArchived(pdfFileName: pdfFileName)
+        let sessionDir = paths.sessionDirectory(openSession.id)
+        try AtomicFile.writeJSON(archived, to: sessionDir.appendingPathComponent("session.json"))
+        let archiveDir = paths.archiveDirectory(openSession.id)
+        guard rename(sessionDir.path, archiveDir.path) == 0 else {
+            throw ShotdeckError.spoolWriteFailed(
+                path: sessionDir.path,
+                underlying: "could not move the session into archive/: \(String(cString: strerror(errno)))")
+        }
+        try AtomicFile.fsyncDirectory(at: paths.archive)
+        let fresh = try Self.createFreshSession(paths: paths)
+        openSession = fresh
+        return archived
+    }
+
+    /// Abandons the open session only if it is empty (mints a new id/dir/manifest); throws,
+    /// with no filesystem change, if the open session has captures.
+    public func startNewSession() throws -> CaptureSession {
+        guard openSession.isEmpty else {
+            throw ShotdeckError.spoolWriteFailed(
+                path: paths.sessionDirectory(openSession.id).path,
+                underlying: "cannot start a new session: \(openSession.captures.count) capture(s) present in the open session")
+        }
+        let fresh = try Self.createFreshSession(paths: paths)
+        openSession = fresh
+        return fresh
+    }
+
+    /// Absolute URL of a capture's PNG, in whichever top-level directory its session lives
+    /// (spool/ if session.state == .open, archive/ if .archived).
+    public func imageURL(for capture: Capture, in session: CaptureSession) -> URL {
+        let dir = session.state == .open ? paths.sessionDirectory(session.id) : paths.archiveDirectory(session.id)
+        return dir.appendingPathComponent(capture.fileName)
+    }
+
+    /// Archived sessions, newest createdAt first. Lazily reconciles each archive/ directory
+    /// the same way init reconciles spool/ candidates (orphan recovery, missing-drop, corrupt
+    /// rebuild) — an archived session's manifest can degrade too and must self-heal without
+    /// ever losing a PNG.
+    public func archivedSessions() throws -> [CaptureSession] {
+        let ids = try Self.listUUIDDirectories(in: paths.archive, fileManager: .default)
+        var sessions: [CaptureSession] = []
+        for id in ids {
+            sessions.append(
+                try Self.reconcileSessionDirectory(
+                    at: paths.archiveDirectory(id), id: id, assumedStateIfRebuilt: .archived, fileManager: .default))
+        }
+        return sessions.sorted { ($0.createdAt, $0.id.uuidString) > ($1.createdAt, $1.id.uuidString) }
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Reconciliation (static so they can run inside init)
+
+    private static func listUUIDDirectories(in parent: URL, fileManager: FileManager) throws -> [UUID] {
+        let entries: [URL]
+        do {
+            entries = try fileManager.contentsOfDirectory(
+                at: parent,
+                includingPropertiesForKeys: [.isDirectoryKey],
+                options: [])
+        } catch {
+            throw ShotdeckError.spoolWriteFailed(path: parent.path, underlying: error.localizedDescription)
+        }
+        var ids: [UUID] = []
+        for url in entries {
+            let isDirectory = (try? url.resourceValues(forKeys: [.isDirectoryKey]).isDirectory) ?? false
+            guard isDirectory else { continue }
+            if let id = UUID(uuidString: url.lastPathComponent) {
+                ids.append(id)
+            }
+        }
+        return ids
+    }
+
+    private static func supersedeSpoolArchiveOverlaps(paths: AppSupportPaths, fileManager: FileManager) throws {
+        let spoolIDs = Set(try listUUIDDirectories(in: paths.spool, fileManager: fileManager))
+        let archiveIDs = Set(try listUUIDDirectories(in: paths.archive, fileManager: fileManager))
+        for id in spoolIDs.intersection(archiveIDs) {
+            let spoolDir = paths.sessionDirectory(id)
+            let supersededDir = paths.spool.appendingPathComponent(
+                "\(id.uuidString).superseded-\(DubaiTime.fileStamp(Date()))", isDirectory: true)
+            guard rename(spoolDir.path, supersededDir.path) == 0 else {
+                throw ShotdeckError.spoolWriteFailed(
+                    path: spoolDir.path,
+                    underlying: "could not supersede a duplicate spool copy: \(String(cString: strerror(errno)))")
+            }
+            try AtomicFile.fsyncDirectory(at: paths.spool)
+            Log.spool.warning("Found session \(id.uuidString, privacy: .public) in both spool/ and archive/; kept the archive copy and superseded the spool copy — nothing was deleted.")
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static func finishInterruptedArchives(paths: AppSupportPaths, fileManager: FileManager) throws {
+        for id in try listUUIDDirectories(in: paths.spool, fileManager: fileManager) {
+            let spoolDir = paths.sessionDirectory(id)
+            let manifestURL = spoolDir.appendingPathComponent("session.json")
+            guard let data = try? Data(contentsOf: manifestURL),
+                  let decoded = try? decodeSession(from: data),
+                  decoded.id == id, decoded.state == .archived
+            else { continue }
+            let archiveDir = paths.archiveDirectory(id)
+            guard rename(spoolDir.path, archiveDir.path) == 0 else {
+                throw ShotdeckError.spoolWriteFailed(
+                    path: spoolDir.path,
+                    underlying: "could not complete an interrupted archive move: \(String(cString: strerror(errno)))")
+            }
+            try AtomicFile.fsyncDirectory(at: paths.archive)
+            Log.spool.warning("Completed an archive move for \(id.uuidString, privacy: .public) that was interrupted before this launch.")
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static func reconcileSessionDirectory(
+        at dir: URL,
+        id: UUID,
+        assumedStateIfRebuilt: SessionState,
+        fileManager: FileManager
+    ) throws -> CaptureSession {
+        let manifestURL = dir.appendingPathComponent("session.json")
+        let decoded: CaptureSession?
+        if let data = try? Data(contentsOf: manifestURL),
+           let session = try? decodeSession(from: data),
+           session.id == id {
+            decoded = session
+        } else {
+            decoded = nil
+        }
+
+        guard let session = decoded else {
+            return try rebuildManifest(
+                at: dir,
+                id: id,
+                assumedState: assumedStateIfRebuilt,
+                fileManager: fileManager)
+        }
+
+        var present: [Capture] = []
+        var missingCount = 0
+        for capture in session.captures {
+            let fileURL = dir.appendingPathComponent(capture.fileName)
+            if fileManager.fileExists(atPath: fileURL.path) {
+                present.append(capture)
+            } else {
+                missingCount += 1
+            }
+        }
+        let referenced = Set(session.captures.map(\.fileName))
+        let pngs = try listCapturePNGs(in: dir, fileManager: fileManager)
+        var recoveredOrphans: [Capture] = []
+        for pngURL in pngs where !referenced.contains(pngURL.lastPathComponent) {
+            if let recovered = recoverCapture(from: pngURL, fileManager: fileManager) {
+                recoveredOrphans.append(recovered)
+            } else {
+                Log.spool.error("Could not decode orphan PNG at \(pngURL.path, privacy: .public); leaving it on disk.")
+            }
+        }
+        let deletedTmp = deleteStrayTmpFiles(in: dir, fileManager: fileManager)
+        if missingCount == 0 && recoveredOrphans.isEmpty && !deletedTmp {
+            return session
+        }
+        let finalCaptures = (present + recoveredOrphans).sorted { $0.sequence < $1.sequence }
+        let updated = CaptureSession(
+            id: session.id,
+            createdAt: session.createdAt,
+            state: session.state,
+            captures: finalCaptures,
+            pdfFileName: session.pdfFileName)
+        try AtomicFile.writeJSON(updated, to: manifestURL)
+        Log.spool.warning("Reconciled session \(id.uuidString, privacy: .public): dropped \(missingCount) missing PNG(s), recovered \(recoveredOrphans.count) orphan(s).")
+        return updated
+    }
+
+    private static func rebuildManifest(
+        at dir: URL,
+        id: UUID,
+        assumedState: SessionState,
+        fileManager: FileManager
+    ) throws -> CaptureSession {
+        let manifestURL = dir.appendingPathComponent("session.json")
+        if fileManager.fileExists(atPath: manifestURL.path) {
+            let corruptURL = dir.appendingPathComponent(
+                "session.json.corrupt-\(DubaiTime.fileStamp(Date()))")
+            do {
+                try fileManager.moveItem(at: manifestURL, to: corruptURL)
+            } catch {
+                throw ShotdeckError.spoolWriteFailed(
+                    path: manifestURL.path,
+                    underlying: "could not quarantine a corrupt manifest: \(error.localizedDescription)")
+            }
+        }
+
+        var recovered: [Capture] = []
+        for pngURL in try listCapturePNGs(in: dir, fileManager: fileManager) {
+            if let capture = recoverCapture(from: pngURL, fileManager: fileManager) {
+                recovered.append(capture)
+            } else {
+                Log.spool.error("Could not decode PNG at \(pngURL.path, privacy: .public) while rebuilding the manifest; leaving it on disk.")
+            }
+        }
+        _ = deleteStrayTmpFiles(in: dir, fileManager: fileManager)
+        recovered.sort { $0.sequence < $1.sequence }
+
+        let createdAt: Date
+        if let earliest = recovered.map(\.capturedAt).min() {
+            createdAt = earliest
+        } else {
+            createdAt = (try? dir.resourceValues(forKeys: [.creationDateKey]))?.creationDate ?? Date()
+        }
+
+        let rebuilt = CaptureSession(
+            id: id,
+            createdAt: createdAt,
+            state: assumedState,
+            captures: recovered,
+            pdfFileName: nil)
+        try AtomicFile.writeJSON(rebuilt, to: dir.appendingPathComponent("session.json"))
+        Log.spool.warning("Rebuilt manifest for \(id.uuidString, privacy: .public) from \(recovered.count) recovered PNG(s).")
+        if assumedState == .archived {
+            Log.spool.warning("Rebuilt an archived session \(id.uuidString, privacy: .public) from PNGs; pdfFileName could not be recovered.")
+        }
+        return rebuilt
+    }
+
+    private static func recoverCapture(from fileURL: URL, fileManager: FileManager) -> Capture? {
+        guard fileManager.fileExists(atPath: fileURL.path) else { return nil }
+        guard let source = CGImageSourceCreateWithURL(fileURL as CFURL, nil),
+              let properties = CGImageSourceCopyPropertiesAtIndex(source, 0, nil) as NSDictionary?,
+              let width = (properties[kCGImagePropertyPixelWidth] as? NSNumber)?.intValue,
+              let height = (properties[kCGImagePropertyPixelHeight] as? NSNumber)?.intValue
+        else { return nil }
+        let name = fileURL.lastPathComponent
+        let sequence = Int(name.prefix(3)) ?? 1
+        let capturedAt = (try? fileURL.resourceValues(forKeys: [.creationDateKey]))?.creationDate ?? Date()
+        return Capture(
+            id: UUID(),
+            sequence: sequence,
+            fileName: name,
+            pixelWidth: width,
+            pixelHeight: height,
+            scale: 1.0,
+            capturedAt: capturedAt)
+    }
+
+    private static func pickNewest(first: CaptureSession, rest: [CaptureSession]) -> CaptureSession {
+        rest.reduce(first) { current, candidate in
+            let currentKey = (current.createdAt, current.id.uuidString)
+            let candidateKey = (candidate.createdAt, candidate.id.uuidString)
+            return candidateKey > currentKey ? candidate : current
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static func createFreshSession(paths: AppSupportPaths) throws -> CaptureSession {
+        let id = UUID()
+        let createdAt = Date()
+        let dir = paths.sessionDirectory(id)
+        do {
+            try FileManager.default.createDirectory(at: dir, withIntermediateDirectories: true)
+        } catch {
+            throw ShotdeckError.spoolWriteFailed(path: dir.path, underlying: error.localizedDescription)
+        }
+        let session = CaptureSession(id: id, createdAt: createdAt, state: .open, captures: [], pdfFileName: nil)
+        try AtomicFile.writeJSON(session, to: dir.appendingPathComponent("session.json"))
+        return session
+    }
+
+    private static func hexSuffix(_ id: UUID) -> String {
+        String(id.uuidString.replacingOccurrences(of: "-", with: "").prefix(8)).uppercased()
+    }
+
+    private static func decodeSession(from data: Data) throws -> CaptureSession {
+        let decoder = JSONDecoder()
+        decoder.dateDecodingStrategy = .iso8601
+        return try decoder.decode(CaptureSession.self, from: data)
+    }
+
+    private static func isCapturePNGName(_ name: String) -> Bool {
+        guard name.hasSuffix(".png") else { return false }
+        let stem = String(name.dropLast(4))
+        let parts = stem.split(separator: "-", maxSplits: 1, omittingEmptySubsequences: false)
+        guard parts.count == 2,
+              parts[0].count == 3,
+              parts[0].allSatisfy(\.isNumber),
+              parts[1].count == 8,
+              parts[1].allSatisfy(\.isHexDigit)
+        else { return false }
+        return true
+    }
+
+    private static func listCapturePNGs(in dir: URL, fileManager: FileManager) throws -> [URL] {
+        let entries: [URL]
+        do {
+            entries = try fileManager.contentsOfDirectory(
+                at: dir,
+                includingPropertiesForKeys: [.isDirectoryKey],
+                options: [])
+        } catch {
+            throw ShotdeckError.spoolWriteFailed(path: dir.path, underlying: error.localizedDescription)
+        }
+        return entries.filter { url in
+            let isDirectory = (try? url.resourceValues(forKeys: [.isDirectoryKey]).isDirectory) ?? false
+            guard !isDirectory else { return false }
+            return isCapturePNGName(url.lastPathComponent)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static func deleteStrayTmpFiles(in dir: URL, fileManager: FileManager) -> Bool {
+        let entries = (try? fileManager.contentsOfDirectory(
+            at: dir,
+            includingPropertiesForKeys: [.isDirectoryKey],
+            options: [])) ?? []
+        var deleted = false
+        for url in entries {
+            guard url.lastPathComponent.hasSuffix(".tmp") else { continue }
+            let isDirectory = (try? url.resourceValues(forKeys: [.isDirectoryKey]).isDirectory) ?? false
+            guard !isDirectory else { continue }
+            do {
+                try fileManager.removeItem(at: url)
+                deleted = true
+            } catch {
+                Log.spool.error("Could not remove stray temp file at \(url.path, privacy: .public): \(error.localizedDescription, privacy: .public)")
+            }
+        }
+        return deleted
+    }
+}

Tests/ShotdeckCoreTests/AnnotationInspectorTests.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,412 @@
+import AppKit
+import Foundation
+import PDFKit
+import Testing
+import ShotdeckCore
+
+private let pageBounds = CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 600, height: 800)
+
+private func makeAnnotation(
+    _ subtype: PDFAnnotationSubtype,
+    bounds: CGRect = CGRect(x: 100, y: 100, width: 80, height: 40),
+    contents: String? = nil
+) -> PDFAnnotation {
+    let annotation = PDFAnnotation(
+        bounds: bounds,
+        forType: subtype,
+        withProperties: nil
+    )
+    annotation.contents = contents
+    return annotation
+}
+
+private func makePDF(
+    at url: URL,
+    pageCount: Int,
+    creator: String? = "Shotdeck",
+    subject: String? = nil,
+    annotations: [(page: Int, annotation: PDFAnnotation)] = []
+) throws {
+    let document = PDFDocument()
+    for index in 0..<pageCount {
+        let page = PDFPage()
+        page.setBounds(pageBounds, for: .mediaBox)
+        document.insert(page, at: index)
+    }
+
+    var attributes = [PDFDocumentAttribute: Any]()
+    if let creator { attributes[.creatorAttribute] = creator }
+    if let subject { attributes[.subjectAttribute] = subject }
+    document.documentAttributes = attributes
+
+    for item in annotations {
+        guard let page = document.page(at: item.page) else {
+            throw NSError(domain: "WP5Test", code: 1)
+        }
+        page.addAnnotation(item.annotation)
+    }
+
+    guard document.write(to: url) else {
+        throw NSError(domain: "WP5Test", code: 2)
+    }
+}
+
+private func makeCasePaths() throws -> (paths: AppSupportPaths, cleanup: URL) {
+    let cleanup = FileManager.default.temporaryDirectory
+        .appendingPathComponent("shotdeck-wp5a-\(UUID().uuidString)", isDirectory: true)
+    let paths = try AppSupportPaths(
+        root: cleanup.appendingPathComponent("root", isDirectory: true),
+        outbox: cleanup.appendingPathComponent("outbox", isDirectory: true),
+        watchFolder: cleanup.appendingPathComponent("watch", isDirectory: true)
+    )
+    return (paths, cleanup)
+}
+
+@Test("I-1 Untouched PDF is clean")
+func i1_untouchedPDFIsClean() async throws {
+    let (paths, cleanup) = try makeCasePaths()
+    defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: cleanup) }
+
+    let pdfURL = paths.watchFolder.appendingPathComponent("Shotdeck-20260830-134200.pdf")
+    try makePDF(
+        at: pdfURL,
+        pageCount: 3,
+        creator: "Shotdeck",
+        subject: "11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111"
+    )
+
+    var calendar = Calendar(identifier: .gregorian)
+    calendar.timeZone = try #require(TimeZone(identifier: "Asia/Dubai"))
+    let firstMTime = try #require(calendar.date(from: DateComponents(
+        year: 2026, month: 8, day: 30, hour: 13, minute: 42, second: 0
+    )))
+    let secondMTime = try #require(calendar.date(from: DateComponents(
+        year: 2026, month: 8, day: 30, hour: 13, minute: 43, second: 0
+    )))
+    try FileManager.default.setAttributes([.modificationDate: firstMTime], ofItemAtPath: pdfURL.path)
+    try FileManager.default.setAttributes([.modificationDate: secondMTime], ofItemAtPath: pdfURL.path)
+
+    let inspected = try AnnotationInspector.inspect(fileURL: pdfURL)
+    #expect(inspected.fileURL == pdfURL)
+    #expect(inspected.sessionID == UUID(uuidString: "11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111"))
+    #expect(inspected.pageCount == 3)
+    #expect(inspected.annotatedPages == [])
+    #expect(inspected.isCommented == false)
+
+    let ledger = try ReturnLedger(paths: paths)
+    try await ledger.record(inspected)
+    let all = try await ledger.all()
+    #expect(all.count == 1)
+    #expect(all[0].fileURL == pdfURL)
+    #expect(try await ledger.commented() == [])
+    let clipboardError = try await #require(throws: ShotdeckError.self) {
+        try await ledger.clipboardText()
+    }
+    guard case .noCommentedReturns = clipboardError else {
+        Issue.record("expected noCommentedReturns, got \(clipboardError)")
+        return
+    }
+}
+
+@Test("I-2 Ink is a mark")
+func i2_inkIsAMark() throws {
+    let (paths, cleanup) = try makeCasePaths()
+    defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: cleanup) }
+
+    let pdfURL = paths.watchFolder.appendingPathComponent("Shotdeck-20260830-134201.pdf")
+    try makePDF(
+        at: pdfURL,
+        pageCount: 3,
+        annotations: [(page: 1, annotation: makeAnnotation(
+            .ink, bounds: CGRect(x: 120, y: 240, width: 140, height: 60)
+        ))]
+    )
+    let inspected = try AnnotationInspector.inspect(fileURL: pdfURL)
+    #expect(inspected.pageCount == 3)
+    #expect(inspected.annotatedPages == [2])
+    #expect(inspected.isCommented == true)
+}
+
+@Test("I-3 Highlight is a mark")
+func i3_highlightIsAMark() throws {
+    try expectSinglePageMark(
+        .highlight,
+        bounds: CGRect(x: 80, y: 500, width: 300, height: 24),
+        fileName: "Shotdeck-20260830-134202.pdf"
+    )
+}
+
+@Test("I-4 Underline is a mark")
+func i4_underlineIsAMark() throws {
+    try expectSinglePageMark(
+        .underline,
+        bounds: CGRect(x: 90, y: 460, width: 280, height: 18),
+        fileName: "Shotdeck-20260830-134203.pdf"
+    )
+}
+
+@Test("I-5 Strike-out is a mark")
+func i5_strikeOutIsAMark() throws {
+    try expectSinglePageMark(
+        .strikeOut,
+        bounds: CGRect(x: 90, y: 430, width: 280, height: 18),
+        fileName: "Shotdeck-20260830-134204.pdf"
+    )
+}
+
+@Test("I-6 Squiggly is a mark")
+func i6_squigglyIsAMark() throws {
+    try expectSinglePageMark(
+        PDFAnnotationSubtype(rawValue: "/Squiggly"),
+        bounds: CGRect(x: 90, y: 400, width: 280, height: 18),
+        fileName: "Shotdeck-20260830-134205.pdf"
+    )
+}
+
+@Test("I-7 Free-text is a mark")
+func i7_freeTextIsAMark() throws {
+    try expectSinglePageMark(
+        .freeText,
+        bounds: CGRect(x: 140, y: 300, width: 220, height: 80),
+        contents: "Typed review note",
+        fileName: "Shotdeck-20260830-134206.pdf"
+    )
+}
+
+@Test("I-8 Square is a mark")
+func i8_squareIsAMark() throws {
+    try expectSinglePageMark(
+        .square,
+        bounds: CGRect(x: 160, y: 250, width: 100, height: 100),
+        fileName: "Shotdeck-20260830-134207.pdf"
+    )
+}
+
+@Test("I-9 Circle is a mark")
+func i9_circleIsAMark() throws {
+    try expectSinglePageMark(
+        .circle,
+        bounds: CGRect(x: 280, y: 250, width: 100, height: 100),
+        fileName: "Shotdeck-20260830-134208.pdf"
+    )
+}
+
+@Test("I-10 Line is a mark")
+func i10_lineIsAMark() throws {
+    try expectSinglePageMark(
+        .line,
+        bounds: CGRect(x: 100, y: 180, width: 320, height: 8),
+        fileName: "Shotdeck-20260830-134209.pdf"
+    )
+}
+
+@Test("I-11 Stamp is a mark")
+func i11_stampIsAMark() throws {
+    try expectSinglePageMark(
+        .stamp,
+        bounds: CGRect(x: 180, y: 500, width: 120, height: 60),
+        contents: "Approved",
+        fileName: "Shotdeck-20260830-134210.pdf"
+    )
+}
+
+@Test("I-12 Sticky text is a mark")
+func i12_stickyTextIsAMark() throws {
+    try expectSinglePageMark(
+        .text,
+        bounds: CGRect(x: 420, y: 620, width: 28, height: 28),
+        contents: "Look here",
+        fileName: "Shotdeck-20260830-134211.pdf"
+    )
+}
+
+@Test("I-13 Link alone is not a mark")
+func i13_linkAloneIsNotAMark() throws {
+    try expectSinglePageIgnored(
+        .link,
+        bounds: CGRect(x: 80, y: 700, width: 160, height: 20),
+        fileName: "Shotdeck-20260830-134212.pdf"
+    )
+}
+
+@Test("I-14 Popup alone is not a mark")
+func i14_popupAloneIsNotAMark() throws {
+    try expectSinglePageIgnored(
+        .popup,
+        bounds: CGRect(x: 450, y: 600, width: 100, height: 60),
+        fileName: "Shotdeck-20260830-134213.pdf"
+    )
+}
+
+@Test("I-15 Widget alone is not a mark")
+func i15_widgetAloneIsNotAMark() throws {
+    try expectSinglePageIgnored(
+        .widget,
+        bounds: CGRect(x: 100, y: 100, width: 140, height: 32),
+        fileName: "Shotdeck-20260830-134214.pdf"
+    )
+}
+
+@Test("I-16 Zero-area ink is not a mark")
+func i16_zeroAreaInkIsNotAMark() throws {
+    let (paths, cleanup) = try makeCasePaths()
+    defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: cleanup) }
+
+    let pdfURL = paths.watchFolder.appendingPathComponent("Shotdeck-20260830-134215.pdf")
+    try makePDF(
+        at: pdfURL,
+        pageCount: 1,
+        annotations: [(page: 0, annotation: makeAnnotation(
+            .ink, bounds: CGRect(x: 240, y: 240, width: 0, height: 0)
+        ))]
+    )
+    let inspected = try AnnotationInspector.inspect(fileURL: pdfURL)
+    #expect(inspected.annotatedPages == [])
+    #expect(inspected.isCommented == false)
+}
+
+@Test("I-17 Ignored objects plus one real mark count once")
+func i17_ignoredObjectsPlusOneRealMarkCountOnce() throws {
+    let (paths, cleanup) = try makeCasePaths()
+    defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: cleanup) }
+
+    let pdfURL = paths.watchFolder.appendingPathComponent("Shotdeck-20260830-134216.pdf")
+    try makePDF(
+        at: pdfURL,
+        pageCount: 3,
+        annotations: [
+            (page: 1, annotation: makeAnnotation(.link, bounds: CGRect(x: 20, y: 20, width: 40, height: 20))),
+            (page: 1, annotation: makeAnnotation(.popup, bounds: CGRect(x: 70, y: 20, width: 40, height: 20))),
+            (page: 1, annotation: makeAnnotation(.widget, bounds: CGRect(x: 120, y: 20, width: 40, height: 20))),
+            (page: 1, annotation: makeAnnotation(.ink, bounds: CGRect(x: 200, y: 200, width: 120, height: 50))),
+        ]
+    )
+    let inspected = try AnnotationInspector.inspect(fileURL: pdfURL)
+    #expect(inspected.pageCount == 3)
+    #expect(inspected.annotatedPages == [2])
+    #expect(inspected.isCommented == true)
+}
+
+@Test("I-18 Page numbers are 1-based and ascending")
+func i18_pageNumbersAre1BasedAndAscending() throws {
+    let (paths, cleanup) = try makeCasePaths()
+    defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: cleanup) }
+
+    let pdfURL = paths.watchFolder.appendingPathComponent("Shotdeck-20260830-134217.pdf")
+    try makePDF(
+        at: pdfURL,
+        pageCount: 3,
+        annotations: [
+            (page: 0, annotation: makeAnnotation(.circle, bounds: CGRect(x: 260, y: 200, width: 70, height: 70))),
+            (page: 1, annotation: makeAnnotation(.link, bounds: CGRect(x: 80, y: 700, width: 160, height: 20))),
+            (page: 2, annotation: makeAnnotation(.ink, bounds: CGRect(x: 100, y: 100, width: 90, height: 40))),
+        ]
+    )
+    let inspected = try AnnotationInspector.inspect(fileURL: pdfURL)
+    #expect(inspected.pageCount == 3)
+    #expect(inspected.annotatedPages == [1, 3])
+    #expect(inspected.isCommented == true)
+}
+
+@Test("I-19 Session UUID recovery and invalid-subject tolerance")
+func i19_sessionUUIDRecoveryAndInvalidSubjectTolerance() throws {
+    let (paths, cleanup) = try makeCasePaths()
+    defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: cleanup) }
+
+    let validURL = paths.watchFolder.appendingPathComponent("valid-subject.pdf")
+    let invalidURL = paths.watchFolder.appendingPathComponent("invalid-subject.pdf")
+    let missingURL = paths.watchFolder.appendingPathComponent("missing-subject.pdf")
+
+    try makePDF(
+        at: validURL,
+        pageCount: 1,
+        creator: "Shotdeck",
+        subject: "22222222-2222-2222-2222-222222222222"
+    )
+    try makePDF(
+        at: invalidURL,
+        pageCount: 1,
+        creator: "Shotdeck",
+        subject: "not-a-uuid"
+    )
+    try makePDF(
+        at: missingURL,
+        pageCount: 1,
+        creator: "Shotdeck",
+        subject: nil
+    )
+
+    let valid = try AnnotationInspector.inspect(fileURL: validURL)
+    #expect(valid.sessionID == UUID(uuidString: "22222222-2222-2222-2222-222222222222"))
+    #expect(valid.pageCount == 1)
+    #expect(valid.annotatedPages == [])
+    #expect(valid.isCommented == false)
+
+    let invalid = try AnnotationInspector.inspect(fileURL: invalidURL)
+    #expect(invalid.sessionID == nil)
+    #expect(invalid.annotatedPages == [])
+    #expect(invalid.isCommented == false)
+
+    let missing = try AnnotationInspector.inspect(fileURL: missingURL)
+    #expect(missing.sessionID == nil)
+    #expect(missing.annotatedPages == [])
+    #expect(missing.isCommented == false)
+}
+
+@Test("I-19b Present non-Shotdeck creator beats a matching filename")
+func i19b_presentNonShotdeckCreatorBeatsMatchingFilename() throws {
+    let (paths, cleanup) = try makeCasePaths()
+    defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: cleanup) }
+
+    let pdfURL = paths.watchFolder.appendingPathComponent("Shotdeck-20260830-134218.pdf")
+    try makePDF(
+        at: pdfURL,
+        pageCount: 1,
+        creator: "Preview",
+        annotations: [(page: 0, annotation: makeAnnotation(
+            .ink, bounds: CGRect(x: 100, y: 100, width: 120, height: 50)
+        ))]
+    )
+    let reopened = try #require(PDFDocument(url: pdfURL))
+    #expect(AnnotationInspector.isShotdeckDocument(reopened) == false)
+}
+
+private func expectSinglePageMark(
+    _ subtype: PDFAnnotationSubtype,
+    bounds: CGRect,
+    contents: String? = nil,
+    fileName: String
+) throws {
+    let (paths, cleanup) = try makeCasePaths()
+    defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: cleanup) }
+
+    let pdfURL = paths.watchFolder.appendingPathComponent(fileName)
+    try makePDF(
+        at: pdfURL,
+        pageCount: 1,
+        annotations: [(page: 0, annotation: makeAnnotation(subtype, bounds: bounds, contents: contents))]
+    )
+    let inspected = try AnnotationInspector.inspect(fileURL: pdfURL)
+    #expect(inspected.pageCount == 1)
+    #expect(inspected.annotatedPages == [1])
+    #expect(inspected.isCommented == true)
+}
+
+private func expectSinglePageIgnored(
+    _ subtype: PDFAnnotationSubtype,
+    bounds: CGRect,
+    fileName: String
+) throws {
+    let (paths, cleanup) = try makeCasePaths()
+    defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: cleanup) }
+
+    let pdfURL = paths.watchFolder.appendingPathComponent(fileName)
+    try makePDF(
+        at: pdfURL,
+        pageCount: 1,
+        annotations: [(page: 0, annotation: makeAnnotation(subtype, bounds: bounds))]
+    )
+    let inspected = try AnnotationInspector.inspect(fileURL: pdfURL)
+    #expect(inspected.annotatedPages == [])
+    #expect(inspected.isCommented == false)
+}

Tests/ShotdeckCoreTests/ReturnLedgerTests.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+import Foundation
+import Testing
+import ShotdeckCore
+
+private func makeCasePaths() throws -> (paths: AppSupportPaths, cleanup: URL) {
+    let cleanup = FileManager.default.temporaryDirectory
+        .appendingPathComponent("shotdeck-wp5a-ledger-\(UUID().uuidString)", isDirectory: true)
+    let paths = try AppSupportPaths(
+        root: cleanup.appendingPathComponent("root", isDirectory: true),
+        outbox: cleanup.appendingPathComponent("outbox", isDirectory: true),
+        watchFolder: cleanup.appendingPathComponent("watch", isDirectory: true)
+    )
+    return (paths, cleanup)
+}
+
+private func document(
+    path: String,
+    annotatedPages: [Int],
+    detectedAt: Date,
+    sessionID: UUID? = nil,
+    pageCount: Int = 1
+) -> ReturnedDocument {
+    ReturnedDocument(
+        fileURL: URL(fileURLWithPath: path),
+        sessionID: sessionID,
+        pageCount: pageCount,
+        annotatedPages: annotatedPages,
+        detectedAt: detectedAt
+    )
+}
+
+@Test("L-1 commented() returns only commented entries, newest first")
+func l1_commentedReturnsOnlyCommentedNewestFirst() async throws {
+    let (paths, cleanup) = try makeCasePaths()
+    defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: cleanup) }
+
+    let newer = document(
+        path: "/tmp/shotdeck-returns/newer.pdf",
+        annotatedPages: [1, 2],
+        detectedAt: Date(timeIntervalSince1970: 1_777_000_200)
+    )
+    let older = document(
+        path: "/tmp/shotdeck-returns/older.pdf",
+        annotatedPages: [3],
+        detectedAt: Date(timeIntervalSince1970: 1_777_000_100)
+    )
+    let clean = document(
+        path: "/tmp/shotdeck-returns/clean.pdf",
+        annotatedPages: [],
+        detectedAt: Date(timeIntervalSince1970: 1_777_000_300)
+    )
+
+    let ledger = try ReturnLedger(paths: paths)
+    try await ledger.record(older)
+    try await ledger.record(newer)
+    try await ledger.record(clean)
+
+    let commented = try await ledger.commented()
+    #expect(commented.map(\.fileURL) == [newer.fileURL, older.fileURL])
+    #expect(commented.map(\.annotatedPages) == [[1, 2], [3]])
+}
+
+@Test("L-2 clipboardText() exact format")
+func l2_clipboardTextExactFormat() async throws {
+    let (paths, cleanup) = try makeCasePaths()
+    defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: cleanup) }
+
+    let newer = document(
+        path: "/tmp/shotdeck-returns/newer.pdf",
+        annotatedPages: [1, 2],
+        detectedAt: Date(timeIntervalSince1970: 1_777_000_200)
+    )
+    let older = document(
+        path: "/tmp/shotdeck-returns/older.pdf",
+        annotatedPages: [3],
+        detectedAt: Date(timeIntervalSince1970: 1_777_000_100)
+    )
+    let clean = document(
+        path: "/tmp/shotdeck-returns/clean.pdf",
+        annotatedPages: [],
+        detectedAt: Date(timeIntervalSince1970: 1_777_000_300)
+    )
+
+    let ledger = try ReturnLedger(paths: paths)
+    try await ledger.record(older)
+    try await ledger.record(newer)
+    try await ledger.record(clean)
+
+    let text = try await ledger.clipboardText()
+    #expect(text == newer.fileURL.path + "\n" + older.fileURL.path)
+    #expect(text.hasSuffix("\n") == false)
+}
+
+@Test("L-3 Re-recording the same URL upserts")
+func l3_rerecordingTheSameURLUpserts() async throws {
+    let (paths, cleanup) = try makeCasePaths()
+    defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: cleanup) }
+
+    let url = URL(fileURLWithPath: "/tmp/shotdeck-returns/same.pdf")
+    let first = ReturnedDocument(
+        fileURL: url,
+        sessionID: nil,
+        pageCount: 1,
+        annotatedPages: [],
+        detectedAt: Date(timeIntervalSince1970: 1_777_000_400)
+    )
+    let second = ReturnedDocument(
+        fileURL: url,
+        sessionID: UUID(uuidString: "11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111"),
+        pageCount: 1,
+        annotatedPages: [1],
+        detectedAt: Date(timeIntervalSince1970: 1_777_000_100)
+    )
+
+    let ledger = try ReturnLedger(paths: paths)
+    try await ledger.record(first)
+    try await ledger.record(second)
+
+    let all = try await ledger.all()
+    #expect(all.count == 1)
+    #expect(all[0].fileURL == url)
+    #expect(all[0].annotatedPages == [1])
+    #expect(all[0].isCommented == true)
+    #expect(all[0].sessionID == UUID(uuidString: "11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111"))
+}
+
+@Test("L-4 clipboardText() throws when nothing is commented")
+func l4_clipboardTextThrowsWhenNothingIsCommented() async throws {
+    let (paths, cleanup) = try makeCasePaths()
+    defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: cleanup) }
+
+    let ledger = try ReturnLedger(paths: paths)
+    let emptyError = try await #require(throws: ShotdeckError.self) {
+        try await ledger.clipboardText()
+    }
+    guard case .noCommentedReturns = emptyError else {
+        Issue.record("expected noCommentedReturns on an empty ledger, got \(emptyError)")
+        return
+    }
+
+    try await ledger.record(document(
+        path: "/tmp/shotdeck-returns/clean-only.pdf",
+        annotatedPages: [],
+        detectedAt: Date(timeIntervalSince1970: 1_777_000_500)
+    ))
+    let cleanError = try await #require(throws: ShotdeckError.self) {
+        try await ledger.clipboardText()
+    }
+    guard case .noCommentedReturns = cleanError else {
+        Issue.record("expected noCommentedReturns with only clean returns, got \(cleanError)")
+        return
+    }
+}
+
+@Test("L-5 Ledger survives reopening from disk")
+func l5_ledgerSurvivesReopeningFromDisk() async throws {
+    let (paths, cleanup) = try makeCasePaths()
+    defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: cleanup) }
+
+    let first = document(
+        path: "/tmp/shotdeck-returns/a.pdf",
+        annotatedPages: [1],
+        detectedAt: Date(timeIntervalSince1970: 1_777_000_700),
+        sessionID: UUID(uuidString: "11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111")
+    )
+    let second = document(
+        path: "/tmp/shotdeck-returns/b.pdf",
+        annotatedPages: [],
+        detectedAt: Date(timeIntervalSince1970: 1_777_000_600)
+    )
+
+    do {
+        let ledger = try ReturnLedger(paths: paths)
+        try await ledger.record(first)
+        try await ledger.record(second)
+    }
+
+    let reopened = try ReturnLedger(paths: paths)
+    let all = try await reopened.all()
+    #expect(all == [first, second])
+}
+
+@Test("L-6 Corrupt returns.json is renamed and the ledger starts empty")
+func l6_corruptReturnsJSONIsRenamedAndStartsEmpty() async throws {
+    let (paths, cleanup) = try makeCasePaths()
+    defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: cleanup) }
+
+    let returnsURL = paths.root.appendingPathComponent("returns.json")
+    try Data("{not-json".utf8).write(to: returnsURL)
+    #expect(FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: returnsURL.path))
+
+    let ledger = try ReturnLedger(paths: paths)
+    #expect(try await ledger.all() == [])
+    #expect(FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: returnsURL.path) == false)
+
+    let names = try FileManager.default.contentsOfDirectory(atPath: paths.root.path)
+    let corrupt = names.filter { $0.hasPrefix("returns.json.corrupt-") }
+    #expect(corrupt.count == 1)
+    #expect(corrupt[0].contains(DubaiTime.fileStamp(Date()).prefix(8)))
+}

Tests/ShotdeckCoreTests/ReturnWatcherTests.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+import AppKit
+import Foundation
+import PDFKit
+import Testing
+import ShotdeckCore
+
+private let pageBounds = CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 600, height: 800)
+
+private func makeAnnotation(
+    _ subtype: PDFAnnotationSubtype,
+    bounds: CGRect = CGRect(x: 100, y: 100, width: 80, height: 40),
+    contents: String? = nil
+) -> PDFAnnotation {
+    let annotation = PDFAnnotation(
+        bounds: bounds,
+        forType: subtype,
+        withProperties: nil
+    )
+    annotation.contents = contents
+    return annotation
+}
+
+private func makePDF(
+    at url: URL,
+    pageCount: Int,
+    creator: String? = "Shotdeck",
+    subject: String? = nil,
+    annotations: [(page: Int, annotation: PDFAnnotation)] = []
+) throws {
+    let document = PDFDocument()
+    for index in 0..<pageCount {
+        let page = PDFPage()
+        page.setBounds(pageBounds, for: .mediaBox)
+        document.insert(page, at: index)
+    }
+
+    var attributes = [PDFDocumentAttribute: Any]()
+    if let creator { attributes[.creatorAttribute] = creator }
+    if let subject { attributes[.subjectAttribute] = subject }
+    document.documentAttributes = attributes
+
+    for item in annotations {
+        guard let page = document.page(at: item.page) else {
+            throw NSError(domain: "WP5Test", code: 1)
+        }
+        page.addAnnotation(item.annotation)
+    }
+
+    guard document.write(to: url) else {
+        throw NSError(domain: "WP5Test", code: 2)
+    }
+}
+
+private func makeCasePaths() throws -> (paths: AppSupportPaths, cleanup: URL) {
+    let cleanup = FileManager.default.temporaryDirectory
+        .appendingPathComponent("shotdeck-wp5b-\(UUID().uuidString)", isDirectory: true)
+    let paths = try AppSupportPaths(
+        root: cleanup.appendingPathComponent("root", isDirectory: true),
+        outbox: cleanup.appendingPathComponent("outbox", isDirectory: true),
+        watchFolder: cleanup.appendingPathComponent("watch", isDirectory: true)
+    )
+    return (paths, cleanup)
+}
+
+/// Guards `confirmation(expectedCount: 1)` against a create+rename double-event.
+private final class ConfirmOnce: @unchecked Sendable {
+    private let lock = NSLock()
+    private var fired = false
+    func run(_ body: () -> Void) {
+        lock.lock()
+        defer { lock.unlock() }
+        guard !fired else { return }
+        fired = true
+        body()
+    }
+}
+
+@Test("W-25 Duplicate-name suffix is the normal AirDrop return (scanNow)")
+func w25_duplicateNameSuffixIsRecognizedByScanNow() async throws {
+    let (paths, cleanup) = try makeCasePaths()
+    defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: cleanup) }
+
+    let ledger = try ReturnLedger(paths: paths)
+    let watcher = ReturnWatcher(paths: paths, ledger: ledger)
+    let pdfURL = paths.watchFolder.appendingPathComponent("Shotdeck-20260830-134205 2.pdf")
+
+    try makePDF(
+        at: pdfURL,
+        pageCount: 1,
+        creator: nil,
+        subject: "33333333-3333-3333-3333-333333333333",
+        annotations: [(page: 0, annotation: makeAnnotation(
+            .ink, bounds: CGRect(x: 100, y: 100, width: 120, height: 50)
+        ))]
+    )
+
+    let found = try await watcher.scanNow()
+    #expect(found.count == 1)
+    let doc = try #require(found.first)
+    #expect(doc.fileURL.lastPathComponent == "Shotdeck-20260830-134205 2.pdf")
+    #expect(doc.fileURL.resolvingSymlinksInPath().path == pdfURL.resolvingSymlinksInPath().path)
+    #expect(doc.pageCount == 1)
+    #expect(doc.annotatedPages == [1])
+    #expect(doc.isCommented == true)
+
+    let commented = try await ledger.commented()
+    #expect(commented.count == 1)
+    #expect(commented[0].fileURL.lastPathComponent == pdfURL.lastPathComponent)
+    #expect(commented[0].fileURL.resolvingSymlinksInPath().path == pdfURL.resolvingSymlinksInPath().path)
+}
+
+@Test("W-26 Creator provenance negative at the scan level")
+func w26_presentNonShotdeckCreatorIsIgnoredByScanNow() async throws {
+    let (paths, cleanup) = try makeCasePaths()
+    defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: cleanup) }
+
+    let ledger = try ReturnLedger(paths: paths)
+    let watcher = ReturnWatcher(paths: paths, ledger: ledger)
+    let pdfURL = paths.watchFolder.appendingPathComponent("Shotdeck-20260830-134218.pdf")
+
+    try makePDF(
+        at: pdfURL,
+        pageCount: 1,
+        creator: "Preview",
+        annotations: [(page: 0, annotation: makeAnnotation(
+            .ink, bounds: CGRect(x: 100, y: 100, width: 120, height: 50)
+        ))]
+    )
+
+    let found = try await watcher.scanNow()
+    #expect(found.isEmpty)
+    let all = try await ledger.all()
+    #expect(all.isEmpty)
+}
+
+@Test("W-27 FSEvents live callback fires on a real file arrival")
+func w27_fsEventsCallbackFiresOnRealArrival() async throws {
+    let (paths, cleanup) = try makeCasePaths()
+    defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: cleanup) }
+
+    let ledger = try ReturnLedger(paths: paths)
+    let watcher = ReturnWatcher(paths: paths, ledger: ledger)
+    let pdfURL = paths.watchFolder.appendingPathComponent("Shotdeck-20260830-140000.pdf")
+    let once = ConfirmOnce()
+
+    try await confirmation("watcher reports the arrived PDF", expectedCount: 1) { confirm in
+        do {
+            try await watcher.start { docs in
+                if docs.contains(where: { $0.fileURL.lastPathComponent == pdfURL.lastPathComponent }) {
+                    once.run { confirm() }
+                }
+            }
+            // Simulate AirDrop's own write-then-rename so the watcher must survive that pattern.
+            let tmpURL = pdfURL.appendingPathExtension("inprogress")
+            try makePDF(
+                at: tmpURL, pageCount: 1, creator: "Shotdeck",
+                annotations: [(page: 0, annotation: makeAnnotation(
+                    .ink, bounds: CGRect(x: 100, y: 100, width: 120, height: 50)
+                ))]
+            )
+            try FileManager.default.moveItem(at: tmpURL, to: pdfURL)
+        } catch {
+            print("fsEventsCallbackFiresOnRealArrival error: \(error)")
+            await watcher.stop()
+            throw error
+        }
+        // Budget: 400ms debounce + FS latency + the 250ms stability re-read + PDFKit open.
+        // 5s is a generous, fixed ceiling — never a "some time" wait.
+        try await Task.sleep(for: .seconds(5))
+        await watcher.stop()
+        await watcher.stop()
+    }
+}

Tests/ShotdeckCoreTests/SpoolStoreTests.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,590 @@
+import CoreGraphics
+import Foundation
+import ImageIO
+import Testing
+import ShotdeckCore
+
+// MARK: - 1. append writes a real, decodable PNG
+
+@Test
+func appendWritesARealDecodablePNGMatchingSourceDimensions() async throws {
+    let (root, paths) = try makeIsolatedPaths()
+    defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: root) }
+
+    let width = 12
+    let height = 7
+    let png = try makePNGData(width: width, height: height, red: 0.9, green: 0.1, blue: 0.2)
+    let store = try SpoolStore(paths: paths)
+    let capturedAt = Date(timeIntervalSince1970: 1_700_000_000)
+    let capture = try await store.append(
+        pngData: png, pixelWidth: width, pixelHeight: height, scale: 2.0, capturedAt: capturedAt)
+    let session = try await store.currentSession()
+
+    #expect(capture.pixelWidth == width)
+    #expect(capture.pixelHeight == height)
+
+    let url = await store.imageURL(for: capture, in: session)
+    let expected = paths.sessionDirectory(session.id).appendingPathComponent(capture.fileName)
+    #expect(url.path == expected.path)
+    #expect(FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: url.path))
+
+    let onDisk = try Data(contentsOf: url)
+    #expect(onDisk == png)
+    let decoded = try #require(pngDimensions(at: url))
+    #expect(decoded.width == width)
+    #expect(decoded.height == height)
+}
+
+// MARK: - 2. remaining-manifest sequence rule (coordinator correction)
+
+@Test
+func sequencesFollowRemainingManifestMaxAndAreNotRenumbered() async throws {
+    let (root, paths) = try makeIsolatedPaths()
+    defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: root) }
+
+    let store = try SpoolStore(paths: paths)
+    let c1 = try await store.append(
+        pngData: try makePNGData(width: 4, height: 4, red: 1, green: 0, blue: 0),
+        pixelWidth: 4, pixelHeight: 4, scale: 1.0, capturedAt: Date())
+    let c2 = try await store.append(
+        pngData: try makePNGData(width: 6, height: 4, red: 0, green: 1, blue: 0),
+        pixelWidth: 6, pixelHeight: 4, scale: 1.0, capturedAt: Date())
+    let c3 = try await store.append(
+        pngData: try makePNGData(width: 8, height: 4, red: 0, green: 0, blue: 1),
+        pixelWidth: 8, pixelHeight: 4, scale: 1.0, capturedAt: Date())
+    #expect(c1.sequence == 1)
+    #expect(c2.sequence == 2)
+    #expect(c3.sequence == 3)
+
+    _ = try await store.remove(captureID: c2.id)
+    let afterMiddle = try await store.currentSession()
+    #expect(afterMiddle.captures.map(\.sequence) == [1, 3])
+    #expect(afterMiddle.captures.map(\.id) == [c1.id, c3.id])
+
+    let c4 = try await store.append(
+        pngData: try makePNGData(width: 10, height: 4, red: 1, green: 1, blue: 0),
+        pixelWidth: 10, pixelHeight: 4, scale: 1.0, capturedAt: Date())
+    #expect(c4.sequence == 4)
+
+    _ = try await store.remove(captureID: c4.id)
+    let afterLast = try await store.currentSession()
+    #expect(afterLast.captures.map(\.sequence) == [1, 3])
+
+    let c4b = try await store.append(
+        pngData: try makePNGData(width: 12, height: 4, red: 1, green: 0, blue: 1),
+        pixelWidth: 12, pixelHeight: 4, scale: 1.0, capturedAt: Date())
+    #expect(c4b.sequence == 4)
+    #expect(c4b.fileName != c4.fileName)
+    #expect(c4b.id != c4.id)
+
+    let sessionDir = paths.sessionDirectory(afterLast.id)
+    #expect(FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: sessionDir.appendingPathComponent(c4b.fileName).path))
+    #expect(FileManager.default.fileExists(
+        atPath: sessionDir.appendingPathComponent("removed", isDirectory: true)
+            .appendingPathComponent(c4.fileName).path))
+    #expect(!FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: sessionDir.appendingPathComponent(c4.fileName).path))
+}
+
+// MARK: - 3. remove moves PNG into removed/
+
+@Test
+func removeMovesThePNGUnchangedIntoRemovedAndLeavesTheOriginalPathEmpty() async throws {
+    let (root, paths) = try makeIsolatedPaths()
+    defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: root) }
+
+    let store = try SpoolStore(paths: paths)
+    let png = try makePNGData(width: 8, height: 5, red: 0.2, green: 0.5, blue: 0.8)
+    let capture = try await store.append(
+        pngData: png, pixelWidth: 8, pixelHeight: 5, scale: 2.0, capturedAt: Date())
+    let session = try await store.currentSession()
+    let sessionDir = paths.sessionDirectory(session.id)
+    let originalURL = sessionDir.appendingPathComponent(capture.fileName)
+    let removedURL = sessionDir.appendingPathComponent("removed", isDirectory: true)
+        .appendingPathComponent(capture.fileName)
+
+    let updated = try await store.remove(captureID: capture.id)
+
+    #expect(updated.captures.contains(where: { $0.id == capture.id }) == false)
+    #expect(!FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: originalURL.path))
+    #expect(FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: removedURL.path))
+    let moved = try Data(contentsOf: removedURL)
+    #expect(moved == png)
+}
+
+// MARK: - 4. remove of unknown id throws with zero filesystem change
+
+@Test
+func removeOfUnknownIDThrowsAndLeavesDiskByteIdentical() async throws {
+    let (root, paths) = try makeIsolatedPaths()
+    defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: root) }
+
+    let store = try SpoolStore(paths: paths)
+    _ = try await store.append(
+        pngData: try makePNGData(width: 4, height: 4, red: 0.1, green: 0.2, blue: 0.3),
+        pixelWidth: 4, pixelHeight: 4, scale: 1.0, capturedAt: Date())
+    let beforeSession = try await store.currentSession()
+    let beforeFiles = try snapshotFiles(under: root)
+
+    do {
+        _ = try await store.remove(captureID: UUID())
+        Issue.record("expected remove of an unknown id to throw")
+    } catch let error as ShotdeckError {
+        guard case .spoolWriteFailed = error else {
+            Issue.record("expected spoolWriteFailed, got \(error)")
+            return
+        }
+    } catch {
+        Issue.record("expected ShotdeckError, got \(error)")
+        return
+    }
+
+    let afterSession = try await store.currentSession()
+    #expect(afterSession == beforeSession)
+    let afterFiles = try snapshotFiles(under: root)
+    #expect(afterFiles == beforeFiles)
+}
+
+// MARK: - 5. orphan recovery
+
+@Test
+func orphanPNGWrittenBehindTheStoreIsRecoveredOnReopen() async throws {
+    let (root, paths) = try makeIsolatedPaths()
+    defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: root) }
+
+    let store = try SpoolStore(paths: paths)
+    let session = try await store.currentSession()
+    let width = 11
+    let height = 9
+    let png = try makePNGData(width: width, height: height, red: 0.4, green: 0.7, blue: 0.1)
+    let orphanName = "007-ABCD1234.png"
+    let dest = paths.sessionDirectory(session.id).appendingPathComponent(orphanName)
+    try AtomicFile.write(png, to: dest)
+
+    let reopened = try SpoolStore(paths: paths)
+    let recovered = try await reopened.currentSession()
+    let match = try #require(recovered.captures.first { $0.fileName == orphanName })
+    #expect(match.pixelWidth == width)
+    #expect(match.pixelHeight == height)
+    #expect(match.sequence == 7)
+    #expect(match.scale == 1.0)
+}
+
+// MARK: - 6. removed/ files are not resurrected
+
+@Test
+func orphanRecoveryDoesNotResurrectFilesInRemoved() async throws {
+    let (root, paths) = try makeIsolatedPaths()
+    defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: root) }
+
+    let store = try SpoolStore(paths: paths)
+    let session = try await store.currentSession()
+    let sessionDir = paths.sessionDirectory(session.id)
+    let removedDir = sessionDir.appendingPathComponent("removed", isDirectory: true)
+    try FileManager.default.createDirectory(at: removedDir, withIntermediateDirectories: true)
+    let hiddenName = "009-FEEDFACE.png"
+    try AtomicFile.write(
+        try makePNGData(width: 5, height: 5, red: 0.9, green: 0.9, blue: 0.1),
+        to: removedDir.appendingPathComponent(hiddenName))
+
+    let reopened = try SpoolStore(paths: paths)
+    let reconciled = try await reopened.currentSession()
+    #expect(reconciled.captures.contains(where: { $0.fileName == hiddenName }) == false)
+    #expect(FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: removedDir.appendingPathComponent(hiddenName).path))
+}
+
+// MARK: - 7. missing-image drop
+
+@Test
+func missingPNGReferencedByManifestIsDroppedAndOthersSurvive() async throws {
+    let (root, paths) = try makeIsolatedPaths()
+    defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: root) }
+
+    let store = try SpoolStore(paths: paths)
+    let keep = try await store.append(
+        pngData: try makePNGData(width: 6, height: 6, red: 0.1, green: 0.8, blue: 0.2),
+        pixelWidth: 6, pixelHeight: 6, scale: 1.0, capturedAt: Date())
+    let drop = try await store.append(
+        pngData: try makePNGData(width: 7, height: 7, red: 0.8, green: 0.1, blue: 0.2),
+        pixelWidth: 7, pixelHeight: 7, scale: 1.0, capturedAt: Date())
+    let session = try await store.currentSession()
+    try FileManager.default.removeItem(
+        at: paths.sessionDirectory(session.id).appendingPathComponent(drop.fileName))
+
+    let reopened = try SpoolStore(paths: paths)
+    let reconciled = try await reopened.currentSession()
+    #expect(reconciled.captures.map(\.id) == [keep.id])
+    #expect(reconciled.captures.contains(where: { $0.id == drop.id }) == false)
+}
+
+// MARK: - 8. corrupt manifest rebuild
+
+@Test
+func corruptManifestIsQuarantinedAndPNGsAreRebuiltIntoANewManifest() async throws {
+    let (root, paths) = try makeIsolatedPaths()
+    defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: root) }
+
+    let store = try SpoolStore(paths: paths)
+    let first = try await store.append(
+        pngData: try makePNGData(width: 8, height: 6, red: 0.3, green: 0.3, blue: 0.9),
+        pixelWidth: 8, pixelHeight: 6, scale: 2.0, capturedAt: Date())
+    let second = try await store.append(
+        pngData: try makePNGData(width: 9, height: 6, red: 0.9, green: 0.3, blue: 0.3),
+        pixelWidth: 9, pixelHeight: 6, scale: 2.0, capturedAt: Date())
+    let session = try await store.currentSession()
+    let sessionDir = paths.sessionDirectory(session.id)
+    let manifestURL = sessionDir.appendingPathComponent("session.json")
+    let garbage = Data("{ not json".utf8)
+    try AtomicFile.write(garbage, to: manifestURL)
+
+    let reopened = try SpoolStore(paths: paths)
+    let rebuilt = try await reopened.currentSession()
+    #expect(rebuilt.id == session.id)
+
+    let contents = try FileManager.default.contentsOfDirectory(at: sessionDir, includingPropertiesForKeys: nil)
+    let corruptFiles = contents.filter { $0.lastPathComponent.hasPrefix("session.json.corrupt-") }
+    #expect(corruptFiles.count == 1)
+    let quarantined = try Data(contentsOf: try #require(corruptFiles.first))
+    #expect(quarantined == garbage)
+
+    let names = Set(rebuilt.captures.map(\.fileName))
+    #expect(names.contains(first.fileName))
+    #expect(names.contains(second.fileName))
+    let recoveredFirst = try #require(rebuilt.captures.first { $0.fileName == first.fileName })
+    #expect(recoveredFirst.pixelWidth == 8)
+    #expect(recoveredFirst.pixelHeight == 6)
+}
+
+// MARK: - 9. archiveCurrent moves the directory
+
+@Test
+func archiveCurrentMovesTheSessionUnderArchiveAndOpensAFreshEmptySession() async throws {
+    let (root, paths) = try makeIsolatedPaths()
+    defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: root) }
+
+    let store = try SpoolStore(paths: paths)
+    let png = try makePNGData(width: 10, height: 8, red: 0.5, green: 0.1, blue: 0.6)
+    let capture = try await store.append(
+        pngData: png, pixelWidth: 10, pixelHeight: 8, scale: 1.0, capturedAt: Date())
+    let open = try await store.currentSession()
+    let archived = try await store.archiveCurrent(pdfFileName: "shotdeck-review.pdf")
+
+    #expect(archived.state == .archived)
+    #expect(archived.pdfFileName == "shotdeck-review.pdf")
+    #expect(archived.id == open.id)
+    #expect(!FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: paths.sessionDirectory(open.id).path))
+
+    let archivedPNG = paths.archiveDirectory(open.id).appendingPathComponent(capture.fileName)
+    #expect(FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: archivedPNG.path))
+    #expect(try Data(contentsOf: archivedPNG) == png)
+
+    let current = try await store.currentSession()
+    #expect(current.id != open.id)
+    #expect(current.isEmpty)
+    #expect(current.state == .open)
+    #expect(FileManager.default.fileExists(
+        atPath: paths.sessionDirectory(current.id).appendingPathComponent("session.json").path))
+}
+
+// MARK: - 10. archiveCurrent on empty throws
+
+@Test
+func archiveCurrentOnEmptySessionThrowsAndDoesNotMoveTheDirectory() async throws {
+    let (root, paths) = try makeIsolatedPaths()
+    defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: root) }
+
+    let store = try SpoolStore(paths: paths)
+    let session = try await store.currentSession()
+    let before = try snapshotFiles(under: root)
+
+    do {
+        _ = try await store.archiveCurrent(pdfFileName: "never.pdf")
+        Issue.record("expected archiveCurrent on an empty session to throw")
+    } catch let error as ShotdeckError {
+        guard case .spoolWriteFailed = error else {
+            Issue.record("expected spoolWriteFailed, got \(error)")
+            return
+        }
+    } catch {
+        Issue.record("expected ShotdeckError, got \(error)")
+        return
+    }
+
+    #expect(FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: paths.sessionDirectory(session.id).path))
+    #expect(try snapshotFiles(under: root) == before)
+}
+
+// MARK: - 11. interrupted-archive, both exist
+
+@Test
+func interruptedArchiveBothExistSupersedesTheSpoolCopyAndKeepsArchive() async throws {
+    let (root, paths) = try makeIsolatedPaths()
+    defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: root) }
+
+    let store = try SpoolStore(paths: paths)
+    let png = try makePNGData(width: 8, height: 8, red: 0.2, green: 0.2, blue: 0.8)
+    let capture = try await store.append(
+        pngData: png, pixelWidth: 8, pixelHeight: 8, scale: 1.0, capturedAt: Date())
+    let archived = try await store.archiveCurrent(pdfFileName: "sent.pdf")
+    let archiveDir = paths.archiveDirectory(archived.id)
+    let spoolCopy = paths.sessionDirectory(archived.id)
+    try FileManager.default.copyItem(at: archiveDir, to: spoolCopy)
+    let archivePNGBefore = try Data(contentsOf: archiveDir.appendingPathComponent(capture.fileName))
+
+    let reopened = try SpoolStore(paths: paths)
+    _ = try await reopened.currentSession()
+
+    #expect(FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: archiveDir.path))
+    #expect(!FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: spoolCopy.path))
+    #expect(try Data(contentsOf: archiveDir.appendingPathComponent(capture.fileName)) == archivePNGBefore)
+
+    let spoolEntries = try FileManager.default.contentsOfDirectory(
+        at: paths.spool, includingPropertiesForKeys: [.isDirectoryKey])
+    let superseded = spoolEntries.filter {
+        $0.lastPathComponent.hasPrefix("\(archived.id.uuidString).superseded-")
+    }
+    #expect(superseded.count == 1)
+    let supersededPNG = try #require(superseded.first).appendingPathComponent(capture.fileName)
+    #expect(FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: supersededPNG.path))
+    #expect(try Data(contentsOf: supersededPNG) == png)
+}
+
+// MARK: - 12. interrupted-archive, manifest-only
+
+@Test
+func interruptedArchiveManifestOnlyCompletesTheMoveIntoArchive() async throws {
+    let (root, paths) = try makeIsolatedPaths()
+    defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: root) }
+
+    let store = try SpoolStore(paths: paths)
+    let png = try makePNGData(width: 6, height: 8, red: 0.7, green: 0.4, blue: 0.1)
+    let capture = try await store.append(
+        pngData: png, pixelWidth: 6, pixelHeight: 8, scale: 1.0, capturedAt: Date())
+    let session = try await store.currentSession()
+    let marked = session.markArchived(pdfFileName: "partial.pdf")
+    try AtomicFile.writeJSON(
+        marked, to: paths.sessionDirectory(session.id).appendingPathComponent("session.json"))
+
+    let reopened = try SpoolStore(paths: paths)
+    let current = try await reopened.currentSession()
+    #expect(current.id != session.id)
+    #expect(!FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: paths.sessionDirectory(session.id).path))
+    let archiveDir = paths.archiveDirectory(session.id)
+    #expect(FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: archiveDir.path))
+    #expect(FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: archiveDir.appendingPathComponent(capture.fileName).path))
+    #expect(try Data(contentsOf: archiveDir.appendingPathComponent(capture.fileName)) == png)
+
+    let archived = try await reopened.archivedSessions()
+    #expect(archived.contains(where: { $0.id == session.id }))
+}
+
+// MARK: - 13. archivedSessions newest createdAt first
+
+@Test
+func archivedSessionsReturnsNewestCreatedAtFirst() async throws {
+    let (root, paths) = try makeIsolatedPaths()
+    defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: root) }
+
+    let newest = UUID(uuidString: "00000000-0000-4000-8000-000000000003")!
+    let oldest = UUID(uuidString: "00000000-0000-4000-8000-000000000001")!
+    let middle = UUID(uuidString: "00000000-0000-4000-8000-000000000002")!
+    let tNewest = Date(timeIntervalSince1970: 1_700_000_200)
+    let tOldest = Date(timeIntervalSince1970: 1_700_000_000)
+    let tMiddle = Date(timeIntervalSince1970: 1_700_000_100)
+
+    try seedSession(id: newest, createdAt: tNewest, state: .archived, directory: paths.archiveDirectory(newest))
+    try seedSession(id: oldest, createdAt: tOldest, state: .archived, directory: paths.archiveDirectory(oldest))
+    try seedSession(id: middle, createdAt: tMiddle, state: .archived, directory: paths.archiveDirectory(middle))
+
+    let store = try SpoolStore(paths: paths)
+    let listed = try await store.archivedSessions()
+    #expect(listed.map(\.id) == [newest, middle, oldest])
+}
+
+// MARK: - 14. newest-session tie-break by greater UUID string
+
+@Test
+func newestSessionTieBreakPicksTheLexicographicallyGreaterUUID() async throws {
+    let (root, paths) = try makeIsolatedPaths()
+    defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: root) }
+
+    let smaller = UUID(uuidString: "AAAAAAAA-AAAA-4AAA-8AAA-AAAAAAAAAAAA")!
+    let greater = UUID(uuidString: "BBBBBBBB-BBBB-4BBB-8BBB-BBBBBBBBBBBB")!
+    let createdAt = Date(timeIntervalSince1970: 1_700_000_500)
+    try seedSession(id: smaller, createdAt: createdAt, state: .open, directory: paths.sessionDirectory(smaller))
+    try seedSession(id: greater, createdAt: createdAt, state: .open, directory: paths.sessionDirectory(greater))
+
+    let first = try SpoolStore(paths: paths)
+    let firstID = try await first.currentSession().id
+    let second = try SpoolStore(paths: paths)
+    let secondID = try await second.currentSession().id
+    #expect(firstID == greater)
+    #expect(secondID == greater)
+}
+
+// MARK: - 15. filename shape
+
+@Test
+func appendFilenameMatchesSequenceDashEightHexSuffix() async throws {
+    let (root, paths) = try makeIsolatedPaths()
+    defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: root) }
+
+    let store = try SpoolStore(paths: paths)
+    let capture = try await store.append(
+        pngData: try makePNGData(width: 4, height: 3, red: 0.1, green: 0.1, blue: 0.1),
+        pixelWidth: 4, pixelHeight: 3, scale: 1.0, capturedAt: Date())
+    let hex = String(capture.id.uuidString.replacingOccurrences(of: "-", with: "").prefix(8)).uppercased()
+    #expect(capture.fileName == "001-\(hex).png")
+    let session = try await store.currentSession()
+    let url = await store.imageURL(for: capture, in: session)
+    #expect(url.lastPathComponent == capture.fileName)
+    #expect(FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: url.path))
+}
+
+// MARK: - 16. startNewSession
+
+@Test
+func startNewSessionThrowsWhenNonEmptyAndMintsANewIdWhenEmpty() async throws {
+    let (root, paths) = try makeIsolatedPaths()
+    defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: root) }
+
+    let store = try SpoolStore(paths: paths)
+    _ = try await store.append(
+        pngData: try makePNGData(width: 5, height: 5, red: 0.4, green: 0.2, blue: 0.6),
+        pixelWidth: 5, pixelHeight: 5, scale: 1.0, capturedAt: Date())
+    let before = try snapshotFiles(under: root)
+    let occupied = try await store.currentSession()
+
+    do {
+        _ = try await store.startNewSession()
+        Issue.record("expected startNewSession to throw while captures are present")
+    } catch let error as ShotdeckError {
+        guard case .spoolWriteFailed = error else {
+            Issue.record("expected spoolWriteFailed, got \(error)")
+            return
+        }
+    } catch {
+        Issue.record("expected ShotdeckError, got \(error)")
+        return
+    }
+    #expect(try snapshotFiles(under: root) == before)
+    #expect(try await store.currentSession().id == occupied.id)
+
+    _ = try await store.remove(captureID: occupied.captures[0].id)
+    let emptyID = try await store.currentSession().id
+    let fresh = try await store.startNewSession()
+    #expect(fresh.id != emptyID)
+    #expect(fresh.isEmpty)
+    #expect(FileManager.default.fileExists(
+        atPath: paths.sessionDirectory(emptyID).appendingPathComponent("session.json").path))
+}
+
+// MARK: - 17. durability-ordering smoke test
+
+@Test
+func appendReturnsOnlyAfterThePNGBytesAreAlreadyOnDisk() async throws {
+    let (root, paths) = try makeIsolatedPaths()
+    defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: root) }
+
+    let store = try SpoolStore(paths: paths)
+    let png = try makePNGData(width: 13, height: 11, red: 0.15, green: 0.55, blue: 0.95)
+    let capture = try await store.append(
+        pngData: png, pixelWidth: 13, pixelHeight: 11, scale: 2.0, capturedAt: Date())
+    let session = try await store.currentSession()
+    let url = paths.sessionDirectory(session.id).appendingPathComponent(capture.fileName)
+    let onDisk = try Data(contentsOf: url)
+    #expect(onDisk == png)
+}
+
+// MARK: - Fixtures
+
+private func makeIsolatedPaths() throws -> (root: URL, paths: AppSupportPaths) {
+    let root = FileManager.default.temporaryDirectory
+        .appendingPathComponent("shotdeck-spool-\(UUID().uuidString)", isDirectory: true)
+    let paths = try AppSupportPaths(
+        root: root,
+        outbox: root.appendingPathComponent("outbox", isDirectory: true),
+        watchFolder: root.appendingPathComponent("watch", isDirectory: true)
+    )
+    return (root, paths)
+}
+
+private func makePNGData(
+    width: Int,
+    height: Int,
+    red: CGFloat,
+    green: CGFloat,
+    blue: CGFloat
+) throws -> Data {
+    let colorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB()
+    guard let context = CGContext(
+        data: nil,
+        width: width,
+        height: height,
+        bitsPerComponent: 8,
+        bytesPerRow: width * 4,
+        space: colorSpace,
+        bitmapInfo: CGImageAlphaInfo.premultipliedLast.rawValue
+    ) else {
+        throw FixtureError.pngGenerationFailed
+    }
+    context.setFillColor(red: red, green: green, blue: blue, alpha: 1)
+    context.fill(CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: width, height: height))
+    guard let image = context.makeImage() else {
+        throw FixtureError.pngGenerationFailed
+    }
+    let buffer = NSMutableData()
+    guard let destination = CGImageDestinationCreateWithData(buffer, "public.png" as CFString, 1, nil) else {
+        throw FixtureError.pngGenerationFailed
+    }
+    CGImageDestinationAddImage(destination, image, nil)
+    guard CGImageDestinationFinalize(destination) else {
+        throw FixtureError.pngGenerationFailed
+    }
+    return buffer as Data
+}
+
+private func pngDimensions(at url: URL) -> (width: Int, height: Int)? {
+    guard let source = CGImageSourceCreateWithURL(url as CFURL, nil),
+          let properties = CGImageSourceCopyPropertiesAtIndex(source, 0, nil) as NSDictionary?,
+          let width = (properties[kCGImagePropertyPixelWidth] as? NSNumber)?.intValue,
+          let height = (properties[kCGImagePropertyPixelHeight] as? NSNumber)?.intValue
+    else { return nil }
+    return (width, height)
+}
+
+private func seedSession(
+    id: UUID,
+    createdAt: Date,
+    state: SessionState,
+    directory: URL
+) throws {
+    try FileManager.default.createDirectory(at: directory, withIntermediateDirectories: true)
+    let session = CaptureSession(id: id, createdAt: createdAt, state: state, captures: [], pdfFileName: nil)
+    try AtomicFile.writeJSON(session, to: directory.appendingPathComponent("session.json"))
+}
+
+private func snapshotFiles(under root: URL) throws -> [String: Data] {
+    let fm = FileManager.default
+    var files: [String: Data] = [:]
+    guard let enumerator = fm.enumerator(
+        at: root,
+        includingPropertiesForKeys: [.isRegularFileKey],
+        options: [.skipsHiddenFiles]
+    ) else { return files }
+    let rootPath = root.standardizedFileURL.path
+    for case let url as URL in enumerator {
+        let values = try url.resourceValues(forKeys: [.isRegularFileKey])
+        guard values.isRegularFile == true else { continue }
+        var relative = url.standardizedFileURL.path
+        if relative.hasPrefix(rootPath) {
+            relative = String(relative.dropFirst(rootPath.count))
+            if relative.hasPrefix("/") { relative = String(relative.dropFirst()) }
+        }
+        files[relative] = try Data(contentsOf: url)
+    }
+    return files
+}
+
+private enum FixtureError: Error {
+    case pngGenerationFailed
+}